/* * FindBugs - Find bugs in Java programs * Copyright (C) 2003,2004 University of Maryland * * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. * * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * Lesser General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA */ package edu.umd.cs.findbugs.detect; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; import java.util.TreeSet; import java.util.regex.Matcher; import java.util.regex.Pattern; import javax.annotation.CheckForNull; import org.apache.bcel.Repository; import org.apache.bcel.classfile.Attribute; import org.apache.bcel.classfile.Code; import org.apache.bcel.classfile.Deprecated; import org.apache.bcel.classfile.Field; import org.apache.bcel.classfile.JavaClass; import org.apache.bcel.classfile.Method; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.BugInstance; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.BugReporter; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ClassAnnotation; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.Detector; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.MethodAnnotation; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.AnalysisContext; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.ClassContext; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.Hierarchy2; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.SignatureParser; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.XClass; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.XFactory; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.XMethod; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.bcel.BCELUtil; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.classfile.CheckedAnalysisException; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.classfile.ClassDescriptor; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.classfile.DescriptorFactory; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.classfile.Global; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.props.AbstractWarningProperty; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.props.PriorityAdjustment; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.props.WarningPropertySet; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.visitclass.PreorderVisitor; public class Naming extends PreorderVisitor implements Detector { public static class NamingProperty extends AbstractWarningProperty { private NamingProperty(String name, PriorityAdjustment priorityAdjustment) { super(name, priorityAdjustment); } public static final NamingProperty METHOD_IS_CALLED = new NamingProperty("CONFUSING_METHOD_IS_CALLED", PriorityAdjustment.AT_MOST_MEDIUM); public static final NamingProperty METHOD_IS_DEPRECATED = new NamingProperty("CONFUSING_METHOD_IS_DEPRECATED", PriorityAdjustment.LOWER_PRIORITY); } String baseClassName; boolean classIsPublicOrProtected; public static @CheckForNull XMethod definedIn(JavaClass clazz, XMethod m) { for (Method m2 : clazz.getMethods()) if (m.getName().equals(m2.getName()) && m.getSignature().equals(m2.getSignature()) && m.isStatic() == m2.isStatic()) return XFactory.createXMethod(clazz, m2); return null; } public static boolean confusingMethodNamesWrongCapitalization(XMethod m1, XMethod m2) { if (m1.isStatic() != m2.isStatic()) return false; if (m1.getClassName().equals(m2.getClassName())) return false; if (m1.getName().equals(m2.getName())) return false; if (m1.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(m2.getName()) && removePackageNamesFromSignature(m1.getSignature()).equals(removePackageNamesFromSignature(m2.getSignature()))) return true; return false; } public static boolean confusingMethodNamesWrongPackage(XMethod m1, XMethod m2) { if (m1.isStatic() != m2.isStatic()) return false; if (m1.getClassName().equals(m2.getClassName())) return false; if (!m1.getName().equals(m2.getName())) return false; if (m1.getSignature().equals(m2.getSignature())) return false; if (removePackageNamesFromSignature(m1.getSignature()).equals(removePackageNamesFromSignature(m2.getSignature()))) return true; return false; } // map of canonicalName -> Set<XMethod> HashMap<String, TreeSet<XMethod>> canonicalToXMethod = new HashMap<String, TreeSet<XMethod>>(); HashSet<String> visited = new HashSet<String>(); private BugReporter bugReporter; public Naming(BugReporter bugReporter) { this.bugReporter = bugReporter; } public void visitClassContext(ClassContext classContext) { classContext.getJavaClass().accept(this); } private boolean checkSuper(XMethod m, Set<XMethod> others) { if (m.isStatic()) return false; if (m.getName().equals("<init>") || m.getName().equals("<clinit>")) return false; for (XMethod m2 : others) { try { if ((confusingMethodNamesWrongCapitalization(m, m2) || confusingMethodNamesWrongPackage(m, m2)) && Repository.instanceOf(m.getClassName(), m2.getClassName())) { WarningPropertySet<NamingProperty> propertySet = new WarningPropertySet<NamingProperty>(); int priority = HIGH_PRIORITY; boolean intentional = false; XMethod m3 = null; try { JavaClass clazz = Repository.lookupClass(m.getClassName()); if ((m3 = definedIn(clazz, m2)) != null) { // the method we don't override is also defined in // our class priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; intentional = true; } } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { priority++; AnalysisContext.reportMissingClass(e); } XFactory xFactory = AnalysisContext.currentXFactory(); if (m3 == null && xFactory.isCalled(m)) propertySet.addProperty(NamingProperty.METHOD_IS_CALLED); else if (m.isDeprecated() || m2.isDeprecated()) propertySet.addProperty(NamingProperty.METHOD_IS_DEPRECATED); if (!m.getName().equals(m2.getName()) && m.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(m2.getName())) { String pattern = intentional ? "NM_VERY_CONFUSING_INTENTIONAL" : "NM_VERY_CONFUSING"; Set<XMethod> overrides = Hierarchy2.findSuperMethods(m); if (!overrides.isEmpty()) { if (intentional || allAbstract(overrides)) break; priority++; } BugInstance bug = new BugInstance(this, pattern, priority).addClass(m.getClassName()).addMethod(m) .addClass(m2.getClassName()).describe(ClassAnnotation.SUPERCLASS_ROLE).addMethod(m2) .describe(MethodAnnotation.METHOD_DID_YOU_MEAN_TO_OVERRIDE); if (m3 != null) bug.addMethod(m3).describe(MethodAnnotation.METHOD_OVERRIDDEN); propertySet.decorateBugInstance(bug); bugReporter.reportBug(bug); } else if (!m.getSignature().equals(m2.getSignature()) && removePackageNamesFromSignature(m.getSignature()).equals( removePackageNamesFromSignature(m2.getSignature()))) { String pattern = intentional ? "NM_WRONG_PACKAGE_INTENTIONAL" : "NM_WRONG_PACKAGE"; Set<XMethod> overrides = Hierarchy2.findSuperMethods(m); if (!overrides.isEmpty()) { if (intentional || allAbstract(overrides)) break; priority++; } Iterator<String> s = new SignatureParser(m.getSignature()).parameterSignatureIterator(); Iterator<String> s2 = new SignatureParser(m2.getSignature()).parameterSignatureIterator(); while (s.hasNext()) { String p = s.next(); String p2 = s2.next(); if (!p.equals(p2)) { BugInstance bug = new BugInstance(this, pattern, priority).addClass(m.getClassName()) .addMethod(m).addClass(m2.getClassName()).describe(ClassAnnotation.SUPERCLASS_ROLE) .addMethod(m2).describe(MethodAnnotation.METHOD_DID_YOU_MEAN_TO_OVERRIDE) .addFoundAndExpectedType(p, p2); if (m3 != null) bug.addMethod(m3).describe(MethodAnnotation.METHOD_OVERRIDDEN); propertySet.decorateBugInstance(bug); bugReporter.reportBug(bug); } } // } return true; } } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { AnalysisContext.reportMissingClass(e); } } return false; } /** * @param overrides * @return */ private boolean allAbstract(Set<XMethod> overrides) { boolean allAbstract = true; for (XMethod m4 : overrides) { if (!m4.isAbstract()) allAbstract = false; } return allAbstract; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private boolean checkNonSuper(XMethod m, Set<XMethod> others) { if (m.isStatic()) return false; if (m.getName().startsWith("<init>") || m.getName().startsWith("<clinit>")) return false; for (XMethod m2 : others) { if (confusingMethodNamesWrongCapitalization(m, m2)) { XMethod mm1 = m; XMethod mm2 = m2; if (m.compareTo(m2) < 0) { mm1 = m; mm2 = m2; } else { mm1 = m2; mm2 = m; } bugReporter.reportBug(new BugInstance(this, "NM_CONFUSING", LOW_PRIORITY).addClass(mm1.getClassName()) .addMethod(mm1).addClass(mm2.getClassName()).addMethod(mm2)); return true; } } return false; } public void report() { for (Map.Entry<String, TreeSet<XMethod>> e : canonicalToXMethod.entrySet()) { TreeSet<XMethod> conflictingMethods = e.getValue(); HashSet<String> trueNames = new HashSet<String>(); for (XMethod m : conflictingMethods) trueNames.add(m.getName() + m.getSignature()); if (trueNames.size() <= 1) continue; for (Iterator<XMethod> j = conflictingMethods.iterator(); j.hasNext();) { if (checkSuper(j.next(), conflictingMethods)) j.remove(); } for (XMethod conflictingMethod : conflictingMethods) { if (checkNonSuper(conflictingMethod, conflictingMethods)) break; } } } public String stripPackageName(String className) { if (className.indexOf('.') >= 0) return className.substring(className.lastIndexOf('.') + 1); else if (className.indexOf('/') >= 0) return className.substring(className.lastIndexOf('/') + 1); else return className; } public boolean sameSimpleName(String class1, String class2) { return class1 != null && class2 != null && stripPackageName(class1).equals(stripPackageName(class2)); } @Override public void visitJavaClass(JavaClass obj) { if (BCELUtil.isSynthetic(obj)) return; String name = obj.getClassName(); if (!visited.add(name)) return; String superClassName = obj.getSuperclassName(); if (!name.equals("java.lang.Object")) { if (sameSimpleName(superClassName, name)) { bugReporter.reportBug(new BugInstance(this, "NM_SAME_SIMPLE_NAME_AS_SUPERCLASS", HIGH_PRIORITY).addClass(name) .addClass(superClassName)); } for (String interfaceName : obj.getInterfaceNames()) if (sameSimpleName(interfaceName, name)) { bugReporter.reportBug(new BugInstance(this, "NM_SAME_SIMPLE_NAME_AS_INTERFACE", NORMAL_PRIORITY).addClass( name).addClass(interfaceName)); } } if (obj.isInterface()) return; if (superClassName.equals("java.lang.Object") && !visited.contains(superClassName)) try { visitJavaClass(obj.getSuperClass()); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { // ignore it } super.visitJavaClass(obj); } /** * Determine whether the class descriptor ultimately inherits from * java.lang.Exception * * @param d * class descriptor we want to check * @return true iff the descriptor ultimately inherits from Exception */ private static boolean mightInheritFromException(ClassDescriptor d) { while (d != null) { try { if ("java.lang.Exception".equals(d.getDottedClassName())) { return true; } XClass classNameAndInfo = Global.getAnalysisCache().getClassAnalysis(XClass.class, d); d = classNameAndInfo.getSuperclassDescriptor(); } catch (CheckedAnalysisException e) { return true; // don't know } } return false; } boolean hasBadMethodNames; boolean hasBadFieldNames; /** * Eclipse uses reflection to initialize NLS message bundles. Classes which * using this mechanism are usualy extending org.eclipse.osgi.util.NLS class * and contains lots of public static String fields which are used as * message constants. Unfortunately these fields often has bad names which * does not follow Java code convention, so FB reports tons of warnings for * such Eclipse message fields. * * @see edu.umd.cs.findbugs.detect.MutableStaticFields */ private boolean isEclipseNLS; @Override public void visit(JavaClass obj) { String name = obj.getClassName(); String[] parts = name.split("[$+.]"); baseClassName = parts[parts.length - 1]; for (String p : name.split("[.]")) if (p.length() == 1) return; if (name.indexOf("Proto$") >= 0) return; classIsPublicOrProtected = obj.isPublic() || obj.isProtected(); if (Character.isLetter(baseClassName.charAt(0)) && !Character.isUpperCase(baseClassName.charAt(0)) && baseClassName.indexOf("_") == -1) { int priority = classIsPublicOrProtected ? NORMAL_PRIORITY : LOW_PRIORITY; bugReporter.reportBug(new BugInstance(this, "NM_CLASS_NAMING_CONVENTION", priority).addClass(this)); } if (name.endsWith("Exception")) { // Does it ultimately inherit from Throwable? if (!mightInheritFromException(DescriptorFactory.createClassDescriptor(obj))) { // It doens't, so the name is misleading bugReporter.reportBug(new BugInstance(this, "NM_CLASS_NOT_EXCEPTION", NORMAL_PRIORITY).addClass(this)); } } int badFieldNames = 0; for (Field f : obj.getFields()) if (f.getName().length() >= 2 && badFieldName(f)) badFieldNames++; hasBadFieldNames = badFieldNames > 3 && badFieldNames > obj.getFields().length / 3; int badMethodNames = 0; for (Method m : obj.getMethods()) if (badMethodName(m.getName())) badMethodNames++; hasBadMethodNames = badMethodNames > 3 && badMethodNames > obj.getMethods().length / 3; isEclipseNLS = "org.eclipse.osgi.util.NLS".equals(obj.getSuperclassName()); super.visit(obj); } @Override public void visit(Field obj) { if (getFieldName().length() == 1) return; if (isEclipseNLS) { int flags = obj.getAccessFlags(); if ((flags & ACC_STATIC) != 0 && ((flags & ACC_PUBLIC) != 0) && getFieldSig().equals("Ljava/lang/String;")) { // ignore "public statis String InstallIUCommandTooltip;" // messages from Eclipse NLS bundles return; } } if (badFieldName(obj)) { bugReporter.reportBug(new BugInstance(this, "NM_FIELD_NAMING_CONVENTION", classIsPublicOrProtected && (obj.isPublic() || obj.isProtected()) && !hasBadFieldNames ? NORMAL_PRIORITY : LOW_PRIORITY) .addClass(this).addVisitedField(this)); } } /** * @param obj * @return */ private boolean badFieldName(Field obj) { String fieldName = obj.getName(); return !obj.isFinal() && Character.isLetter(fieldName.charAt(0)) && !Character.isLowerCase(fieldName.charAt(0)) && fieldName.indexOf("_") == -1 && Character.isLetter(fieldName.charAt(1)) && Character.isLowerCase(fieldName.charAt(1)); } private final static Pattern sigType = Pattern.compile("L([^;]*/)?([^/]+;)"); private static @CheckForNull String getSignatureOfOuterClass(JavaClass obj) { for (Field f : obj.getFields()) if (f.getName().startsWith("this$")) return f.getSignature(); return null; } private boolean markedAsNotUsable(Method obj) { for (Attribute a : obj.getAttributes()) if (a instanceof Deprecated) return true; Code code = obj.getCode(); if (code == null) return false; byte[] codeBytes = code.getCode(); if (codeBytes.length > 1 && codeBytes.length < 10) { int lastOpcode = codeBytes[codeBytes.length - 1] & 0xff; if (lastOpcode != ATHROW) return false; for (int b : codeBytes) if ((b & 0xff) == RETURN) return false; return true; } return false; } private static @CheckForNull Method findVoidConstructor(JavaClass clazz) { for (Method m : clazz.getMethods()) if (isVoidConstructor(clazz, m)) return m; return null; } @Override public void visit(Method obj) { String mName = getMethodName(); if (mName.length() == 1) return; if (mName.equals("isRequestedSessionIdFromURL") || mName.equals("isRequestedSessionIdFromUrl")) return; String sig = getMethodSig(); if (mName.equals(baseClassName) && sig.equals("()V")) { Code code = obj.getCode(); Method realVoidConstructor = findVoidConstructor(getThisClass()); if (code != null && !markedAsNotUsable(obj)) { int priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; if (codeDoesSomething(code)) priority--; else if (!obj.isPublic() && getThisClass().isPublic()) priority--; boolean instanceMembers = false; for (Method m : this.getThisClass().getMethods()) if (!m.isStatic() && m != obj && !isVoidConstructor(getThisClass(), m)) instanceMembers = true; for (Field f : this.getThisClass().getFields()) if (!f.isStatic()) instanceMembers = true; if (!codeDoesSomething(code) && !instanceMembers && getSuperclassName().equals("java/lang/Object")) priority += 2; if (hasBadMethodNames) priority++; if (!getXClass().getAnnotations().isEmpty()) priority++; if (realVoidConstructor != null) priority = LOW_PRIORITY; bugReporter.reportBug(new BugInstance(this, "NM_METHOD_CONSTRUCTOR_CONFUSION", priority).addClassAndMethod(this) .lowerPriorityIfDeprecated()); return; } } else if (badMethodName(mName)) bugReporter.reportBug(new BugInstance(this, "NM_METHOD_NAMING_CONVENTION", classIsPublicOrProtected && (obj.isPublic() || obj.isProtected()) && !hasBadMethodNames ? NORMAL_PRIORITY : LOW_PRIORITY) .addClassAndMethod(this)); if (obj.isAbstract()) return; if (obj.isPrivate()) return; if (mName.equals("equal") && sig.equals("(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z")) { bugReporter.reportBug(new BugInstance(this, "NM_BAD_EQUAL", HIGH_PRIORITY).addClassAndMethod(this) .lowerPriorityIfDeprecated()); return; } if (mName.equals("hashcode") && sig.equals("()I")) { bugReporter.reportBug(new BugInstance(this, "NM_LCASE_HASHCODE", HIGH_PRIORITY).addClassAndMethod(this) .lowerPriorityIfDeprecated()); return; } if (mName.equals("tostring") && sig.equals("()Ljava/lang/String;")) { bugReporter.reportBug(new BugInstance(this, "NM_LCASE_TOSTRING", HIGH_PRIORITY).addClassAndMethod(this) .lowerPriorityIfDeprecated()); return; } if (obj.isPrivate() || obj.isStatic() || mName.equals("<init>")) return; String sig2 = removePackageNamesFromSignature(sig); String allSmall = mName.toLowerCase() + sig2; XMethod xm = getXMethod(); { TreeSet<XMethod> s = canonicalToXMethod.get(allSmall); if (s == null) { s = new TreeSet<XMethod>(); canonicalToXMethod.put(allSmall, s); } s.add(xm); } } private static boolean isVoidConstructor(JavaClass clazz, Method m) { String outerClassSignature = getSignatureOfOuterClass(clazz); if (outerClassSignature == null) outerClassSignature = ""; return m.getName().equals("<init>") && m.getSignature().equals("(" + outerClassSignature + ")V"); } /** * @param mName * @return */ private boolean badMethodName(String mName) { return mName.length() >= 2 && Character.isLetter(mName.charAt(0)) && !Character.isLowerCase(mName.charAt(0)) && Character.isLetter(mName.charAt(1)) && Character.isLowerCase(mName.charAt(1)) && mName.indexOf("_") == -1; } private boolean codeDoesSomething(Code code) { byte[] codeBytes = code.getCode(); return codeBytes.length > 1; } private static String removePackageNamesFromSignature(String sig) { int end = sig.indexOf(")"); Matcher m = sigType.matcher(sig.substring(0, end)); return m.replaceAll("L$2") + sig.substring(end); } }