/* * FindBugs - Find bugs in Java programs * Copyright (C) 2003-2007 University of Maryland * * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. * * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * Lesser General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA */ package edu.umd.cs.findbugs.detect; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.BitSet; import java.util.Collection; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.LinkedList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Set; import java.util.SortedSet; import java.util.TreeSet; import javax.annotation.CheckForNull; import javax.annotation.Nonnull; import javax.annotation.meta.When; import org.apache.bcel.Constants; import org.apache.bcel.classfile.Code; import org.apache.bcel.classfile.CodeException; import org.apache.bcel.classfile.ConstantPool; import org.apache.bcel.classfile.JavaClass; import org.apache.bcel.classfile.LineNumberTable; import org.apache.bcel.classfile.Method; import org.apache.bcel.generic.ATHROW; import org.apache.bcel.generic.ConstantPoolGen; import org.apache.bcel.generic.IFNONNULL; import org.apache.bcel.generic.IFNULL; import org.apache.bcel.generic.Instruction; import org.apache.bcel.generic.InstructionHandle; import org.apache.bcel.generic.InstructionTargeter; import org.apache.bcel.generic.InvokeInstruction; import org.apache.bcel.generic.MethodGen; import org.apache.bcel.generic.PUTFIELD; import org.apache.bcel.generic.ReturnInstruction; import org.objectweb.asm.Type; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.BugAccumulator; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.BugAnnotation; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.BugInstance; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.BugReporter; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.Detector; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.FieldAnnotation; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.FindBugsAnalysisFeatures; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.LocalVariableAnnotation; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.MethodAnnotation; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.OpcodeStack; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.SourceLineAnnotation; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.SystemProperties; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.UseAnnotationDatabase; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.AnalysisContext; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.BasicBlock; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.CFG; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.CFGBuilderException; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.ClassContext; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.DataflowAnalysisException; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.DataflowValueChooser; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.Edge; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.Hierarchy; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.INullnessAnnotationDatabase; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.JavaClassAndMethod; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.Location; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.MissingClassException; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.NullnessAnnotation; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.OpcodeStackScanner; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.SignatureConverter; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.SignatureParser; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.XFactory; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.XField; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.XMethod; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.XMethodParameter; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.interproc.ParameterProperty; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.interproc.PropertyDatabase; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.jsr305.TypeQualifierAnnotation; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.jsr305.TypeQualifierApplications; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.jsr305.TypeQualifierValue; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.IsNullValue; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.IsNullValueDataflow; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.IsNullValueFrame; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.NullDerefAndRedundantComparisonCollector; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.NullDerefAndRedundantComparisonFinder; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.NullValueUnconditionalDeref; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.ParameterNullnessPropertyDatabase; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.PointerUsageRequiringNonNullValue; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.RedundantBranch; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.ReturnPathType; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.ReturnPathTypeDataflow; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.TypeQualifierNullnessAnnotationDatabase; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.UsagesRequiringNonNullValues; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.type.TypeDataflow; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.type.TypeFrame; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.vna.ValueNumber; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.vna.ValueNumberDataflow; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.vna.ValueNumberFrame; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.vna.ValueNumberSourceInfo; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.bcel.generic.NullnessConversationInstruction; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.classfile.CheckedAnalysisException; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.classfile.ClassDescriptor; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.classfile.DescriptorFactory; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.classfile.Global; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.classfile.analysis.AnnotationValue; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.internalAnnotations.StaticConstant; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.log.Profiler; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.props.GeneralWarningProperty; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.props.WarningProperty; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.props.WarningPropertySet; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.props.WarningPropertyUtil; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.visitclass.Util; /** * A Detector to find instructions where a NullPointerException might be raised. * We also look for useless reference comparisons involving null and non-null * values. * * @author David Hovemeyer * @author William Pugh * @see edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.IsNullValueAnalysis */ public class FindNullDeref implements Detector, UseAnnotationDatabase, NullDerefAndRedundantComparisonCollector { public static final boolean DEBUG = SystemProperties.getBoolean("fnd.debug"); private static final boolean DEBUG_NULLARG = SystemProperties.getBoolean("fnd.debug.nullarg"); private static final boolean DEBUG_NULLRETURN = SystemProperties.getBoolean("fnd.debug.nullreturn"); private static final boolean MARK_DOOMED = SystemProperties.getBoolean("fnd.markdoomed", true); private static final boolean REPORT_SAFE_METHOD_TARGETS = true; private static final String METHOD = SystemProperties.getProperty("fnd.method"); private static final String CLASS = SystemProperties.getProperty("fnd.class"); // Fields private final BugReporter bugReporter; private final BugAccumulator bugAccumulator; // Cached database stuff private ParameterNullnessPropertyDatabase unconditionalDerefParamDatabase; private boolean checkedDatabases = false; // Transient state private ClassContext classContext; private Method method; private IsNullValueDataflow invDataflow; private ValueNumberDataflow vnaDataflow; private BitSet previouslyDeadBlocks; private NullnessAnnotation methodAnnotation; public FindNullDeref(BugReporter bugReporter) { this.bugReporter = bugReporter; this.bugAccumulator = new BugAccumulator(bugReporter); } public void visitClassContext(ClassContext classContext) { this.classContext = classContext; String currentMethod = null; JavaClass jclass = classContext.getJavaClass(); String className = jclass.getClassName(); if (CLASS != null && !className.equals(CLASS)) return; List<Method> methodsInCallOrder = classContext.getMethodsInCallOrder(); for (Method method : methodsInCallOrder) { try { if (method.isAbstract() || method.isNative() || method.getCode() == null) continue; currentMethod = SignatureConverter.convertMethodSignature(jclass, method); if (METHOD != null && !method.getName().equals(METHOD)) continue; if (DEBUG || DEBUG_NULLARG) System.out.println("Checking for NP in " + currentMethod); analyzeMethod(classContext, method); } catch (MissingClassException e) { bugReporter.reportMissingClass(e.getClassNotFoundException()); } catch (DataflowAnalysisException e) { bugReporter.logError("While analyzing " + currentMethod + ": FindNullDeref caught dae exception", e); } catch (CFGBuilderException e) { bugReporter.logError("While analyzing " + currentMethod + ": FindNullDeref caught cfgb exception", e); } bugAccumulator.reportAccumulatedBugs(); } } private void analyzeMethod(ClassContext classContext, Method method) throws DataflowAnalysisException, CFGBuilderException { if (DEBUG || DEBUG_NULLARG) System.out.println("Pre FND "); if ((method.getAccessFlags() & Constants.ACC_VOLATILE) != 0) return; MethodGen methodGen = classContext.getMethodGen(method); if (methodGen == null) return; if (!checkedDatabases) { checkDatabases(); checkedDatabases = true; } XMethod xMethod = XFactory.createXMethod(classContext.getJavaClass(), method); ClassDescriptor junitTestAnnotation = DescriptorFactory.createClassDescriptor("org/junit/Test"); AnnotationValue av = xMethod.getAnnotation(junitTestAnnotation); if (av != null) { Object value = av.getValue("expected"); if (value instanceof Type) { String className = ((Type) value).getClassName(); if (className.equals("java.lang.NullPointerException")) return; } } // UsagesRequiringNonNullValues uses = // classContext.getUsagesRequiringNonNullValues(method); this.method = method; this.methodAnnotation = getMethodNullnessAnnotation(); if (DEBUG || DEBUG_NULLARG) System.out.println("FND: " + SignatureConverter.convertMethodSignature(methodGen)); this.previouslyDeadBlocks = findPreviouslyDeadBlocks(); // Get the IsNullValueDataflow for the method from the ClassContext invDataflow = classContext.getIsNullValueDataflow(method); vnaDataflow = classContext.getValueNumberDataflow(method); // Create a NullDerefAndRedundantComparisonFinder object to do the // actual // work. It will call back to report null derefs and redundant null // comparisons // through the NullDerefAndRedundantComparisonCollector interface we // implement. NullDerefAndRedundantComparisonFinder worker = new NullDerefAndRedundantComparisonFinder(classContext, method, this); worker.execute(); checkCallSitesAndReturnInstructions(); } /** * Find set of blocks which were known to be dead before doing the null * pointer analysis. * * @return set of previously dead blocks, indexed by block id * @throws CFGBuilderException * @throws DataflowAnalysisException */ private BitSet findPreviouslyDeadBlocks() throws DataflowAnalysisException, CFGBuilderException { BitSet deadBlocks = new BitSet(); ValueNumberDataflow vnaDataflow = classContext.getValueNumberDataflow(method); for (Iterator<BasicBlock> i = vnaDataflow.getCFG().blockIterator(); i.hasNext();) { BasicBlock block = i.next(); ValueNumberFrame vnaFrame = vnaDataflow.getStartFact(block); if (vnaFrame.isTop()) { deadBlocks.set(block.getLabel()); } } return deadBlocks; } /** * Check whether or not the various interprocedural databases we can use * exist and are nonempty. */ private void checkDatabases() { AnalysisContext analysisContext = AnalysisContext.currentAnalysisContext(); unconditionalDerefParamDatabase = analysisContext.getUnconditionalDerefParamDatabase(); } private <DatabaseType extends PropertyDatabase<?, ?>> boolean isDatabaseNonEmpty(DatabaseType database) { return database != null && !database.isEmpty(); } /** * See if the currently-visited method declares a * * @NonNull annotation, or overrides a method which declares a * @NonNull annotation. */ private NullnessAnnotation getMethodNullnessAnnotation() { if (method.getSignature().indexOf(")L") >= 0 || method.getSignature().indexOf(")[") >= 0) { if (DEBUG_NULLRETURN) { System.out.println("Checking return annotation for " + SignatureConverter.convertMethodSignature(classContext.getJavaClass(), method)); } XMethod m = XFactory.createXMethod(classContext.getJavaClass(), method); return AnalysisContext.currentAnalysisContext().getNullnessAnnotationDatabase().getResolvedAnnotation(m, false); } return NullnessAnnotation.UNKNOWN_NULLNESS; } static class CheckCallSitesAndReturnInstructions { } private void checkCallSitesAndReturnInstructions() { Profiler profiler = Global.getAnalysisCache().getProfiler(); profiler.start(CheckCallSitesAndReturnInstructions.class); try { ConstantPoolGen cpg = classContext.getConstantPoolGen(); TypeDataflow typeDataflow = classContext.getTypeDataflow(method); for (Iterator<Location> i = classContext.getCFG(method).locationIterator(); i.hasNext();) { Location location = i.next(); Instruction ins = location.getHandle().getInstruction(); try { ValueNumberFrame vnaFrame = classContext.getValueNumberDataflow(method).getFactAtLocation(location); if (!vnaFrame.isValid()) continue; if (ins instanceof InvokeInstruction) { examineCallSite(location, cpg, typeDataflow); } else if (methodAnnotation == NullnessAnnotation.NONNULL && ins.getOpcode() == Constants.ARETURN) { examineReturnInstruction(location); } else if (ins instanceof PUTFIELD) { examinePutfieldInstruction(location, (PUTFIELD) ins, cpg); } } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { bugReporter.reportMissingClass(e); } } } catch (CheckedAnalysisException e) { AnalysisContext.logError("error:", e); } finally { profiler.end(CheckCallSitesAndReturnInstructions.class); } } private void examineCallSite(Location location, ConstantPoolGen cpg, TypeDataflow typeDataflow) throws DataflowAnalysisException, CFGBuilderException, ClassNotFoundException { InvokeInstruction invokeInstruction = (InvokeInstruction) location.getHandle().getInstruction(); String methodName = invokeInstruction.getName(cpg); String signature = invokeInstruction.getSignature(cpg); // Don't check equals() calls. // If an equals() call unconditionally dereferences the parameter, // it is the fault of the method, not the caller. if (methodName.equals("equals") && signature.equals("(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z")) return; int returnTypeStart = signature.indexOf(')'); if (returnTypeStart < 0) return; String paramList = signature.substring(0, returnTypeStart + 1); if (paramList.equals("()") || (paramList.indexOf("L") < 0 && paramList.indexOf('[') < 0)) // Method takes no arguments, or takes no reference arguments return; // See if any null arguments are passed IsNullValueFrame frame = classContext.getIsNullValueDataflow(method).getFactAtLocation(location); if (!frame.isValid()) return; if (false && methodName.equals("checkNotNull") && invokeInstruction.getClassName(cpg).equals("com.google.common.base.Preconditions")) { SignatureParser sigParser = new SignatureParser(signature); int numParameters = sigParser.getNumParameters(); IsNullValue value = frame.getArgument(invokeInstruction, cpg, 0, sigParser); if (value.isDefinitelyNotNull()) { TypeFrame typeFrame = typeDataflow.getFactAtLocation(location); int priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; String pattern = "RCN_REDUNDANT_NULLCHECK_OF_NONNULL_VALUE"; ValueNumberFrame vnFrame = vnaDataflow.getFactAtLocation(location); ValueNumber valueNumber = vnFrame.getArgument(invokeInstruction, cpg, 0, sigParser); org.apache.bcel.generic.Type typeOfFirstArgument = typeFrame.getArgument(invokeInstruction, cpg, 0, sigParser); String signature2 = typeOfFirstArgument.getSignature(); boolean constantStringForFirstArgument = signature2.equals("Ljava/lang/String;") && valueNumber.hasFlag(ValueNumber.CONSTANT_VALUE); @CheckForNull BugAnnotation annotation = BugInstance.getSourceForStackValue(classContext, method, location, numParameters - 1); if (value.wouldHaveBeenAKaboom()) { pattern = "RCN_REDUNDANT_NULLCHECK_WOULD_HAVE_BEEN_A_NPE"; priority = HIGH_PRIORITY; } else if (constantStringForFirstArgument) { annotation = null; priority = HIGH_PRIORITY; if (numParameters == 2) { IsNullValue secondValue = frame.getArgument(invokeInstruction, cpg, 1, sigParser); if (!secondValue.isDefinitelyNotNull()) { pattern = "DMI_ARGUMENTS_WRONG_ORDER"; priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; } } } BugInstance warning = new BugInstance(this, pattern, priority) .addClassAndMethod(classContext.getJavaClass(), method).addOptionalAnnotation(annotation) .addCalledMethod(cpg, invokeInstruction).addSourceLine(classContext, method, location); bugReporter.reportBug(warning); } } BitSet nullArgSet = frame.getArgumentSet(invokeInstruction, cpg, new DataflowValueChooser<IsNullValue>() { public boolean choose(IsNullValue value) { // Only choose non-exception values. // Values null on an exception path might be due to // infeasible control flow. return value.mightBeNull() && !value.isException() && !value.isReturnValue(); } }); BitSet definitelyNullArgSet = frame.getArgumentSet(invokeInstruction, cpg, new DataflowValueChooser<IsNullValue>() { public boolean choose(IsNullValue value) { return value.isDefinitelyNull(); } }); nullArgSet.and(definitelyNullArgSet); if (nullArgSet.isEmpty()) return; if (DEBUG_NULLARG) { System.out.println("Null arguments passed: " + nullArgSet); System.out.println("Frame is: " + frame); System.out.println("# arguments: " + frame.getNumArguments(invokeInstruction, cpg)); XMethod xm = XFactory.createXMethod(invokeInstruction, cpg); System.out.print("Signature: " + xm.getSignature()); } if (unconditionalDerefParamDatabase != null) { checkUnconditionallyDereferencedParam(location, cpg, typeDataflow, invokeInstruction, nullArgSet, definitelyNullArgSet); } if (DEBUG_NULLARG) { System.out.println("Checking nonnull params"); } checkNonNullParam(location, cpg, typeDataflow, invokeInstruction, nullArgSet, definitelyNullArgSet); } private void examinePutfieldInstruction(Location location, PUTFIELD ins, ConstantPoolGen cpg) throws DataflowAnalysisException { IsNullValueFrame frame = invDataflow.getFactAtLocation(location); if (!frame.isValid()) return; IsNullValue tos = frame.getTopValue(); if (tos.isDefinitelyNull()) { XField field = XFactory.createXField(ins, cpg); NullnessAnnotation annotation = AnalysisContext.currentAnalysisContext().getNullnessAnnotationDatabase() .getResolvedAnnotation(field, false); if (annotation == NullnessAnnotation.NONNULL) { BugAnnotation variableAnnotation = null; try { ValueNumberFrame vnaFrame = classContext.getValueNumberDataflow(method).getFactAtLocation(location); ValueNumber valueNumber = vnaFrame.getTopValue(); variableAnnotation = ValueNumberSourceInfo.findAnnotationFromValueNumber(method, location, valueNumber, vnaFrame, "VALUE_OF"); } catch (DataflowAnalysisException e) { AnalysisContext.logError("error", e); } catch (CFGBuilderException e) { AnalysisContext.logError("error", e); } BugInstance warning = new BugInstance(this, "NP_STORE_INTO_NONNULL_FIELD", tos.isDefinitelyNull() ? HIGH_PRIORITY : NORMAL_PRIORITY).addClassAndMethod(classContext.getJavaClass(), method).addField(field) .addOptionalAnnotation(variableAnnotation).addSourceLine(classContext, method, location); bugReporter.reportBug(warning); } } } private void examineReturnInstruction(Location location) throws DataflowAnalysisException, CFGBuilderException { if (DEBUG_NULLRETURN) { System.out.println("Checking null return at " + location); } IsNullValueDataflow invDataflow = classContext.getIsNullValueDataflow(method); IsNullValueFrame frame = invDataflow.getFactAtLocation(location); ValueNumberFrame vnaFrame = classContext.getValueNumberDataflow(method).getFactAtLocation(location); if (!vnaFrame.isValid()) return; ValueNumber valueNumber = vnaFrame.getTopValue(); if (!frame.isValid()) return; IsNullValue tos = frame.getTopValue(); if (tos.isDefinitelyNull()) { BugAnnotation variable = ValueNumberSourceInfo.findAnnotationFromValueNumber(method, location, valueNumber, vnaFrame, "VALUE_OF"); String bugPattern = "NP_NONNULL_RETURN_VIOLATION"; int priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; if (tos.isDefinitelyNull() && !tos.isException()) priority = HIGH_PRIORITY; String methodName = method.getName(); if (methodName.equals("clone")) { bugPattern = "NP_CLONE_COULD_RETURN_NULL"; priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; } else if (methodName.equals("toString")) { bugPattern = "NP_TOSTRING_COULD_RETURN_NULL"; priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; } BugInstance warning = new BugInstance(this, bugPattern, priority).addClassAndMethod(classContext.getJavaClass(), method).addOptionalAnnotation(variable); bugAccumulator.accumulateBug(warning, SourceLineAnnotation.fromVisitedInstruction(classContext, method, location)); } } private boolean hasManyPreceedingNullTests(int pc) { int ifNullTests = 0; BitSet seen = new BitSet(); try { for (Iterator<Location> i = classContext.getCFG(method).locationIterator(); i.hasNext();) { Location loc = i.next(); int pc2 = loc.getHandle().getPosition(); if (pc2 >= pc || pc2 < pc - 30) continue; Instruction ins = loc.getHandle().getInstruction(); if ((ins instanceof IFNONNULL || ins instanceof IFNULL || ins instanceof NullnessConversationInstruction) && !seen.get(pc2)) { ifNullTests++; seen.set(pc2); } } boolean result = ifNullTests > 2; // System.out.println("Preceeding null tests " + ifNullTests + " " + // ifNonnullTests + " " + result); return result; } catch (CFGBuilderException e) { return false; } } @StaticConstant public static final Set<String> catchTypesForNull = Collections.unmodifiableSet(new HashSet<String>(Arrays.asList( "java/lang/NullPointerException", "java/lang/RuntimeException", "java/lang/Exception"))); private boolean catchesNull(Location location) { ConstantPool constantPool = classContext.getJavaClass().getConstantPool(); Code code = method.getCode(); return catchesNull(constantPool, code, location); } public static boolean catchesNull(ConstantPool constantPool, Code code, Location location) { int position = location.getHandle().getPosition(); for (String t : catchTypesForNull) { int catchSize = Util.getSizeOfSurroundingTryBlock(constantPool, code, t, position); if (catchSize < Integer.MAX_VALUE) return true; } return false; } private boolean safeCallToPrimateParseMethod(XMethod calledMethod, Location location) { int position = location.getHandle().getPosition(); if (calledMethod.getClassName().equals("java.lang.Integer")) { ConstantPool constantPool = classContext.getJavaClass().getConstantPool(); Code code = method.getCode(); int catchSize; catchSize = Util.getSizeOfSurroundingTryBlock(constantPool, code, "java/lang/NumberFormatException", position); if (catchSize < Integer.MAX_VALUE) return true; catchSize = Util.getSizeOfSurroundingTryBlock(constantPool, code, "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException", position); if (catchSize < Integer.MAX_VALUE) return true; catchSize = Util.getSizeOfSurroundingTryBlock(constantPool, code, "java/lang/RuntimeException", position); if (catchSize < Integer.MAX_VALUE) return true; catchSize = Util.getSizeOfSurroundingTryBlock(constantPool, code, "java/lang/Exception", position); if (catchSize < Integer.MAX_VALUE) return true; } return false; } private void checkUnconditionallyDereferencedParam(Location location, ConstantPoolGen cpg, TypeDataflow typeDataflow, InvokeInstruction invokeInstruction, BitSet nullArgSet, BitSet definitelyNullArgSet) throws DataflowAnalysisException, ClassNotFoundException { if (inExplictCatchNullBlock(location)) return; boolean caught = inIndirectCatchNullBlock(location); if (caught && skipIfInsideCatchNull()) return; // See what methods might be called here XMethod calledMethod = XFactory.createXMethod(invokeInstruction, cpg); if (true) { // If a parameter is already marked as nonnull, don't complain about // it here. nullArgSet = (BitSet) nullArgSet.clone(); definitelyNullArgSet = (BitSet) definitelyNullArgSet.clone(); ClassDescriptor nonnullClassDesc = DescriptorFactory.createClassDescriptor(javax.annotation.Nonnull.class); TypeQualifierValue nonnullTypeQualifierValue = TypeQualifierValue.getValue(nonnullClassDesc, null); for (int i = nullArgSet.nextSetBit(0); i >= 0; i = nullArgSet.nextSetBit(i + 1)) { TypeQualifierAnnotation tqa = TypeQualifierApplications.getEffectiveTypeQualifierAnnotation(calledMethod, i, nonnullTypeQualifierValue); if (tqa != null && tqa.when == When.ALWAYS) { nullArgSet.clear(i); definitelyNullArgSet.clear(i); } } } TypeFrame typeFrame = typeDataflow.getFactAtLocation(location); Set<JavaClassAndMethod> targetMethodSet = Hierarchy.resolveMethodCallTargets(invokeInstruction, typeFrame, cpg); if (DEBUG_NULLARG) { System.out.println("Possibly called methods: " + targetMethodSet); } // See if any call targets unconditionally dereference one of the null // arguments BitSet unconditionallyDereferencedNullArgSet = new BitSet(); List<JavaClassAndMethod> dangerousCallTargetList = new LinkedList<JavaClassAndMethod>(); List<JavaClassAndMethod> veryDangerousCallTargetList = new LinkedList<JavaClassAndMethod>(); for (JavaClassAndMethod targetMethod : targetMethodSet) { if (DEBUG_NULLARG) { System.out.println("For target method " + targetMethod); } ParameterProperty property = unconditionalDerefParamDatabase.getProperty(targetMethod.toMethodDescriptor()); if (property == null) continue; if (DEBUG_NULLARG) { System.out.println("\tUnconditionally dereferenced params: " + property); } BitSet targetUnconditionallyDereferencedNullArgSet = property.getMatchingParameters(nullArgSet); if (targetUnconditionallyDereferencedNullArgSet.isEmpty()) continue; dangerousCallTargetList.add(targetMethod); unconditionallyDereferencedNullArgSet.or(targetUnconditionallyDereferencedNullArgSet); if (!property.getMatchingParameters(definitelyNullArgSet).isEmpty()) veryDangerousCallTargetList.add(targetMethod); } if (dangerousCallTargetList.isEmpty()) return; WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty> propertySet = new WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty>(); // See if there are any safe targets Set<JavaClassAndMethod> safeCallTargetSet = new HashSet<JavaClassAndMethod>(); safeCallTargetSet.addAll(targetMethodSet); safeCallTargetSet.removeAll(dangerousCallTargetList); if (safeCallTargetSet.isEmpty()) { propertySet.addProperty(NullArgumentWarningProperty.ALL_DANGEROUS_TARGETS); if (dangerousCallTargetList.size() == 1) { propertySet.addProperty(NullArgumentWarningProperty.MONOMORPHIC_CALL_SITE); } } // Call to private method? In theory there should be only one possible // target. boolean privateCall = safeCallTargetSet.isEmpty() && dangerousCallTargetList.size() == 1 && dangerousCallTargetList.get(0).getMethod().isPrivate(); String bugType; int priority; if (privateCall || invokeInstruction.getOpcode() == Constants.INVOKESTATIC || invokeInstruction.getOpcode() == Constants.INVOKESPECIAL) { bugType = "NP_NULL_PARAM_DEREF_NONVIRTUAL"; priority = HIGH_PRIORITY; } else if (safeCallTargetSet.isEmpty()) { bugType = "NP_NULL_PARAM_DEREF_ALL_TARGETS_DANGEROUS"; priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; } else { return; } if (caught) priority++; if (dangerousCallTargetList.size() > veryDangerousCallTargetList.size()) priority++; else propertySet.addProperty(NullArgumentWarningProperty.ACTUAL_PARAMETER_GUARANTEED_NULL); XMethod calledFrom = XFactory.createXMethod(classContext.getJavaClass(), method); if (safeCallToPrimateParseMethod(calledMethod, location)) return; BugInstance warning = new BugInstance(this, bugType, priority).addClassAndMethod(classContext.getJavaClass(), method) .addMethod(calledMethod).describe(MethodAnnotation.METHOD_CALLED).addSourceLine(classContext, method, location); boolean uncallable = false; if (!AnalysisContext.currentXFactory().isCalledDirectlyOrIndirectly(calledFrom) && calledFrom.isPrivate()) { propertySet.addProperty(GeneralWarningProperty.IN_UNCALLABLE_METHOD); uncallable = true; } // Check which params might be null addParamAnnotations(location, definitelyNullArgSet, unconditionallyDereferencedNullArgSet, propertySet, warning); if (bugType.equals("NP_NULL_PARAM_DEREF_ALL_TARGETS_DANGEROUS")) { // Add annotations for dangerous method call targets for (JavaClassAndMethod dangerousCallTarget : veryDangerousCallTargetList) { warning.addMethod(dangerousCallTarget).describe(MethodAnnotation.METHOD_DANGEROUS_TARGET_ACTUAL_GUARANTEED_NULL); } dangerousCallTargetList.removeAll(veryDangerousCallTargetList); if (DEBUG_NULLARG) { // Add annotations for dangerous method call targets for (JavaClassAndMethod dangerousCallTarget : dangerousCallTargetList) { warning.addMethod(dangerousCallTarget).describe(MethodAnnotation.METHOD_DANGEROUS_TARGET); } // Add safe method call targets. // This is useful to see which other call targets the analysis // considered. for (JavaClassAndMethod safeMethod : safeCallTargetSet) { warning.addMethod(safeMethod).describe(MethodAnnotation.METHOD_SAFE_TARGET); } } } decorateWarning(location, propertySet, warning); bugReporter.reportBug(warning); } private void decorateWarning(Location location, WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty> propertySet, BugInstance warning) { if (FindBugsAnalysisFeatures.isRelaxedMode()) { WarningPropertyUtil.addPropertiesForDataMining(propertySet, classContext, method, location); } propertySet.decorateBugInstance(warning); } private void addParamAnnotations(Location location, BitSet definitelyNullArgSet, BitSet violatedParamSet, WarningPropertySet<? super NullArgumentWarningProperty> propertySet, BugInstance warning) { ValueNumberFrame vnaFrame = null; try { vnaFrame = classContext.getValueNumberDataflow(method).getFactAtLocation(location); } catch (DataflowAnalysisException e) { AnalysisContext.logError("error", e); } catch (CFGBuilderException e) { AnalysisContext.logError("error", e); } InvokeInstruction instruction = (InvokeInstruction) location.getHandle().getInstruction(); SignatureParser sigParser = new SignatureParser(instruction.getSignature(classContext.getConstantPoolGen())); for (int i = violatedParamSet.nextSetBit(0); i >= 0; i = violatedParamSet.nextSetBit(i + 1)) { boolean definitelyNull = definitelyNullArgSet.get(i); if (definitelyNull) propertySet.addProperty(NullArgumentWarningProperty.ARG_DEFINITELY_NULL); ValueNumber valueNumber = null; if (vnaFrame != null) try { valueNumber = vnaFrame.getArgument(instruction, classContext.getConstantPoolGen(), i, sigParser); BugAnnotation variableAnnotation = ValueNumberSourceInfo.findAnnotationFromValueNumber(method, location, valueNumber, vnaFrame, "VALUE_OF"); warning.addOptionalAnnotation(variableAnnotation); } catch (DataflowAnalysisException e) { AnalysisContext.logError("error", e); } // Note: we report params as being indexed starting from 1, not // 0 warning.addParameterAnnotation(i, definitelyNull ? "INT_NULL_ARG" : "INT_MAYBE_NULL_ARG"); } } /** * We have a method invocation in which a possibly or definitely null * parameter is passed. Check it against the library of nonnull annotations. * * @param location * @param cpg * @param typeDataflow * @param invokeInstruction * @param nullArgSet * @param definitelyNullArgSet */ private void checkNonNullParam(Location location, ConstantPoolGen cpg, TypeDataflow typeDataflow, InvokeInstruction invokeInstruction, BitSet nullArgSet, BitSet definitelyNullArgSet) { if (inExplictCatchNullBlock(location)) return; boolean caught = inIndirectCatchNullBlock(location); if (caught && skipIfInsideCatchNull()) return; XMethod m = XFactory.createXMethod(invokeInstruction, cpg); INullnessAnnotationDatabase db = AnalysisContext.currentAnalysisContext().getNullnessAnnotationDatabase(); SignatureParser sigParser = new SignatureParser(invokeInstruction.getSignature(cpg)); for (int i = nullArgSet.nextSetBit(0); i >= 0; i = nullArgSet.nextSetBit(i + 1)) { if (db.parameterMustBeNonNull(m, i)) { boolean definitelyNull = definitelyNullArgSet.get(i); if (DEBUG_NULLARG) { System.out.println("Checking " + m); System.out.println("QQQ2: " + i + " -- " + i + " is null"); System.out.println("QQQ nullArgSet: " + nullArgSet); System.out.println("QQQ dnullArgSet: " + definitelyNullArgSet); } BugAnnotation variableAnnotation = null; try { ValueNumberFrame vnaFrame = classContext.getValueNumberDataflow(method).getFactAtLocation(location); ValueNumber valueNumber = vnaFrame.getArgument(invokeInstruction, cpg, i, sigParser); variableAnnotation = ValueNumberSourceInfo.findAnnotationFromValueNumber(method, location, valueNumber, vnaFrame, "VALUE_OF"); } catch (DataflowAnalysisException e) { AnalysisContext.logError("error", e); } catch (CFGBuilderException e) { AnalysisContext.logError("error", e); } int priority = definitelyNull ? HIGH_PRIORITY : NORMAL_PRIORITY; if (caught) priority++; if (m.isPrivate() && priority == HIGH_PRIORITY) priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; String description = definitelyNull ? "INT_NULL_ARG" : "INT_MAYBE_NULL_ARG"; WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty> propertySet = new WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty>(); Set<Location> derefLocationSet = Collections.singleton(location); addPropertiesForDereferenceLocations(propertySet, derefLocationSet, false); boolean duplicated = isDuplicated(propertySet, location.getHandle().getPosition(), false); if (duplicated) return; BugInstance warning = new BugInstance(this, "NP_NONNULL_PARAM_VIOLATION", priority) .addClassAndMethod(classContext.getJavaClass(), method).addMethod(m) .describe(MethodAnnotation.METHOD_CALLED).addParameterAnnotation(i, description) .addOptionalAnnotation(variableAnnotation).addSourceLine(classContext, method, location); propertySet.decorateBugInstance(warning); bugReporter.reportBug(warning); } } } public void report() { } public boolean skipIfInsideCatchNull() { return classContext.getJavaClass().getClassName().indexOf("Test") >= 0 || method.getName().indexOf("test") >= 0 || method.getName().indexOf("Test") >= 0; } /** * @deprecated Use * {@link #foundNullDeref(Location,ValueNumber,IsNullValue,ValueNumberFrame,boolean)} * instead */ @Deprecated public void foundNullDeref(Location location, ValueNumber valueNumber, IsNullValue refValue, ValueNumberFrame vnaFrame) { foundNullDeref(location, valueNumber, refValue, vnaFrame, true); } public void foundNullDeref(Location location, ValueNumber valueNumber, IsNullValue refValue, ValueNumberFrame vnaFrame, boolean isConsistent) { WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty> propertySet = new WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty>(); if (valueNumber.hasFlag(ValueNumber.CONSTANT_CLASS_OBJECT)) return; boolean onExceptionPath = refValue.isException(); if (onExceptionPath) { propertySet.addProperty(GeneralWarningProperty.ON_EXCEPTION_PATH); } int pc = location.getHandle().getPosition(); BugAnnotation variable = ValueNumberSourceInfo.findAnnotationFromValueNumber(method, location, valueNumber, vnaFrame, "VALUE_OF"); addPropertiesForDereferenceLocations(propertySet, Collections.singleton(location), isConsistent); Instruction ins = location.getHandle().getInstruction(); if (ins instanceof InvokeInstruction && refValue.isDefinitelyNull()) { InvokeInstruction iins = (InvokeInstruction) ins; if (iins.getMethodName(classContext.getConstantPoolGen()).equals("close") && iins.getSignature(classContext.getConstantPoolGen()).equals("()V")) propertySet.addProperty(NullDerefProperty.CLOSING_NULL); } boolean duplicated = isDuplicated(propertySet, pc, isConsistent); if (inExplictCatchNullBlock(location)) return; boolean caught = inIndirectCatchNullBlock(location); if (caught && skipIfInsideCatchNull()) return; if (refValue.isDefinitelyNull()) { String type = "NP_ALWAYS_NULL"; if (propertySet.containsProperty(NullDerefProperty.CLOSING_NULL) && !propertySet.containsProperty(NullDerefProperty.DEREFS_ARE_CLONED)) type = "NP_CLOSING_NULL"; else if (onExceptionPath) type = "NP_ALWAYS_NULL_EXCEPTION"; else if (duplicated) type = "NP_NULL_ON_SOME_PATH"; int priority = onExceptionPath ? NORMAL_PRIORITY : HIGH_PRIORITY; if (caught) priority++; reportNullDeref(propertySet, location, type, priority, variable); } else if (refValue.mightBeNull() && refValue.isParamValue()) { String type; int priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; if (caught) priority++; if (method.getName().equals("equals") && method.getSignature().equals("(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z")) { if (caught) return; type = "NP_EQUALS_SHOULD_HANDLE_NULL_ARGUMENT"; } else type = "NP_ARGUMENT_MIGHT_BE_NULL"; if (DEBUG) System.out.println("Reporting null on some path: value=" + refValue); reportNullDeref(propertySet, location, type, priority, variable); } } /** * @param propertySet * @param pc * @param isConsistent * @return */ public boolean isDuplicated(WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty> propertySet, int pc, boolean isConsistent) { boolean duplicated = false; if (!isConsistent) { if (propertySet.containsProperty(NullDerefProperty.DEREFS_ARE_CLONED)) duplicated = true; else try { CFG cfg = classContext.getCFG(method); if (cfg.getLocationsContainingInstructionWithOffset(pc).size() > 1) { propertySet.addProperty(NullDerefProperty.DEREFS_ARE_INLINED_FINALLY_BLOCKS); duplicated = true; } } catch (CFGBuilderException e) { AnalysisContext.logError("Error while analyzing " + classContext.getFullyQualifiedMethodName(method), e); } } return duplicated; } private void reportNullDeref(WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty> propertySet, Location location, String type, int priority, @CheckForNull BugAnnotation variable) { BugInstance bugInstance = new BugInstance(this, type, priority).addClassAndMethod(classContext.getJavaClass(), method); if (variable != null) bugInstance.add(variable); else bugInstance.add(new LocalVariableAnnotation("?", -1, -1)); bugInstance.addSourceLine(classContext, method, location).describe("SOURCE_LINE_DEREF"); if (FindBugsAnalysisFeatures.isRelaxedMode()) { WarningPropertyUtil.addPropertiesForDataMining(propertySet, classContext, method, location); } addPropertiesForDereferenceLocations(propertySet, Collections.singleton(location), false); propertySet.decorateBugInstance(bugInstance); bugReporter.reportBug(bugInstance); } public static boolean isThrower(BasicBlock target) { InstructionHandle ins = target.getFirstInstruction(); int maxCount = 7; while (ins != null) { if (maxCount-- <= 0) break; Instruction i = ins.getInstruction(); if (i instanceof ATHROW) { return true; } if (i instanceof InstructionTargeter || i instanceof ReturnInstruction) return false; ins = ins.getNext(); } return false; } public void foundRedundantNullCheck(Location location, RedundantBranch redundantBranch) { boolean isChecked = redundantBranch.firstValue.isChecked(); boolean wouldHaveBeenAKaboom = redundantBranch.firstValue.wouldHaveBeenAKaboom(); boolean isParameter = redundantBranch.firstValue.isParamValue(); Location locationOfKaBoom = redundantBranch.firstValue.getLocationOfKaBoom(); if (isParameter && !wouldHaveBeenAKaboom) return; boolean createdDeadCode = false; boolean infeasibleEdgeSimplyThrowsException = false; Edge infeasibleEdge = redundantBranch.infeasibleEdge; if (infeasibleEdge != null) { if (DEBUG) System.out.println("Check if " + redundantBranch + " creates dead code"); BasicBlock target = infeasibleEdge.getTarget(); if (DEBUG) System.out.println("Target block is " + (target.isExceptionThrower() ? " exception thrower" : " not exception thrower")); // If the block is empty, it probably doesn't matter that it was // killed. // FIXME: really, we should crawl the immediately reachable blocks // starting at the target block to see if any of them are dead and // nonempty. boolean empty = !target.isExceptionThrower() && (target.isEmpty() || isGoto(target.getFirstInstruction().getInstruction())); if (!empty) { try { if (classContext.getCFG(method).getNumIncomingEdges(target) > 1) { if (DEBUG) System.out.println("Target of infeasible edge has multiple incoming edges"); empty = true; } } catch (CFGBuilderException e) { assert true; // ignore it } } if (DEBUG) System.out.println("Target block is " + (empty ? "empty" : "not empty")); if (!empty) { if (isThrower(target)) infeasibleEdgeSimplyThrowsException = true; } if (!empty && !previouslyDeadBlocks.get(target.getLabel())) { if (DEBUG) System.out.println("target was alive previously"); // Block was not dead before the null pointer analysis. // See if it is dead now by inspecting the null value frame. // If it's TOP, then the block became dead. IsNullValueFrame invFrame = invDataflow.getStartFact(target); createdDeadCode = invFrame.isTop(); if (DEBUG) System.out.println("target is now " + (createdDeadCode ? "dead" : "alive")); } } int priority; boolean valueIsNull = true; String warning; int pc = location.getHandle().getPosition(); OpcodeStack stack = null; OpcodeStack.Item item1 = null; OpcodeStack.Item item2 = null; try { stack = OpcodeStackScanner.getStackAt(classContext.getJavaClass(), method, pc); item1 = stack.getStackItem(0); } catch (RuntimeException e) { if (SystemProperties.ASSERTIONS_ENABLED) { AnalysisContext.logError("Error getting stack at specific PC", e); } assert true; } if (redundantBranch.secondValue == null) { if (redundantBranch.firstValue.isDefinitelyNull()) { warning = "RCN_REDUNDANT_NULLCHECK_OF_NULL_VALUE"; priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; } else { warning = "RCN_REDUNDANT_NULLCHECK_OF_NONNULL_VALUE"; valueIsNull = false; priority = isChecked ? HIGH_PRIORITY : NORMAL_PRIORITY; } if (infeasibleEdgeSimplyThrowsException) priority++; } else { if (stack != null) item2 = stack.getStackItem(1); boolean bothNull = redundantBranch.firstValue.isDefinitelyNull() && redundantBranch.secondValue.isDefinitelyNull(); if (redundantBranch.secondValue.isChecked()) isChecked = true; if (redundantBranch.secondValue.wouldHaveBeenAKaboom()) { wouldHaveBeenAKaboom = true; locationOfKaBoom = redundantBranch.secondValue.getLocationOfKaBoom(); } if (bothNull) { warning = "RCN_REDUNDANT_COMPARISON_TWO_NULL_VALUES"; priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; } else { warning = "RCN_REDUNDANT_COMPARISON_OF_NULL_AND_NONNULL_VALUE"; priority = isChecked ? NORMAL_PRIORITY : LOW_PRIORITY; } } if (wouldHaveBeenAKaboom) { priority = HIGH_PRIORITY; warning = "RCN_REDUNDANT_NULLCHECK_WOULD_HAVE_BEEN_A_NPE"; if (locationOfKaBoom == null) throw new NullPointerException("location of KaBoom is null"); } if (DEBUG) System.out.println(createdDeadCode + " " + infeasibleEdgeSimplyThrowsException + " " + valueIsNull + " " + priority); if (createdDeadCode && !infeasibleEdgeSimplyThrowsException) { priority += 0; } else if (createdDeadCode && infeasibleEdgeSimplyThrowsException) { // throw clause if (valueIsNull) priority += 0; else priority += 1; } else { // didn't create any dead code priority += 1; } if (DEBUG) { System.out.println("RCN" + priority + " " + redundantBranch.firstValue + " =? " + redundantBranch.secondValue + " : " + warning); if (isChecked) System.out.println("isChecked"); if (wouldHaveBeenAKaboom) System.out.println("wouldHaveBeenAKaboom"); if (createdDeadCode) System.out.println("createdDeadCode"); } if (priority > LOW_PRIORITY) return; BugAnnotation variableAnnotation = null; try { // Get the value number ValueNumberFrame vnaFrame = classContext.getValueNumberDataflow(method).getFactAtLocation(location); if (vnaFrame.isValid()) { Instruction ins = location.getHandle().getInstruction(); ValueNumber valueNumber = vnaFrame.getInstance(ins, classContext.getConstantPoolGen()); if (valueNumber.hasFlag(ValueNumber.CONSTANT_CLASS_OBJECT)) return; variableAnnotation = ValueNumberSourceInfo.findAnnotationFromValueNumber(method, location, valueNumber, vnaFrame, "VALUE_OF"); if (variableAnnotation instanceof LocalVariableAnnotation) { LocalVariableAnnotation local = (LocalVariableAnnotation) variableAnnotation; if (!local.isNamed()) { if (warning.equals("RCN_REDUNDANT_NULLCHECK_OF_NULL_VALUE")) return; priority++; } } } } catch (DataflowAnalysisException e) { // ignore } catch (CFGBuilderException e) { // ignore } BugInstance bugInstance = new BugInstance(this, warning, priority).addClassAndMethod(classContext.getJavaClass(), method); LocalVariableAnnotation fallback = new LocalVariableAnnotation("?", -1, -1); boolean foundSource = bugInstance.tryAddingOptionalUniqueAnnotations(variableAnnotation, BugInstance.getFieldOrMethodValueSource(item1), BugInstance.getFieldOrMethodValueSource(item2)); if (!foundSource) { if (warning.equals("RCN_REDUNDANT_NULLCHECK_OF_NULL_VALUE")) return; bugInstance.setPriority(priority+1); bugInstance.add(fallback); } if (wouldHaveBeenAKaboom) bugInstance.addSourceLine(classContext, method, locationOfKaBoom); if (FindBugsAnalysisFeatures.isRelaxedMode()) { WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty> propertySet = new WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty>(); WarningPropertyUtil.addPropertiesForDataMining(propertySet, classContext, method, location); if (isChecked) propertySet.addProperty(NullDerefProperty.CHECKED_VALUE); if (wouldHaveBeenAKaboom) propertySet.addProperty(NullDerefProperty.WOULD_HAVE_BEEN_A_KABOOM); if (createdDeadCode) propertySet.addProperty(NullDerefProperty.CREATED_DEAD_CODE); propertySet.decorateBugInstance(bugInstance); } SourceLineAnnotation sourceLine = SourceLineAnnotation.fromVisitedInstruction(classContext, method, location); sourceLine.setDescription("SOURCE_REDUNDANT_NULL_CHECK"); bugAccumulator.accumulateBug(bugInstance, sourceLine); } BugAnnotation getVariableAnnotation(Location location) { BugAnnotation variableAnnotation = null; try { // Get the value number ValueNumberFrame vnaFrame = classContext.getValueNumberDataflow(method).getFactAtLocation(location); if (vnaFrame.isValid()) { Instruction ins = location.getHandle().getInstruction(); ValueNumber valueNumber = vnaFrame.getInstance(ins, classContext.getConstantPoolGen()); if (valueNumber.hasFlag(ValueNumber.CONSTANT_CLASS_OBJECT)) return null; variableAnnotation = ValueNumberSourceInfo.findAnnotationFromValueNumber(method, location, valueNumber, vnaFrame, "VALUE_OF"); } } catch (DataflowAnalysisException e) { // ignore } catch (CFGBuilderException e) { // ignore } return variableAnnotation; } /** * Determine whether or not given instruction is a goto. * * @param instruction * the instruction * @return true if the instruction is a goto, false otherwise */ private boolean isGoto(Instruction instruction) { return instruction.getOpcode() == Constants.GOTO || instruction.getOpcode() == Constants.GOTO_W; } int minPC(Collection<Location> locs) { int result = 1000000; for (Location l : locs) if (result > l.getHandle().getPosition()) result = l.getHandle().getPosition(); return result; } int maxPC(Collection<Location> locs) { int result = -1000000; for (Location l : locs) if (result < l.getHandle().getPosition()) result = l.getHandle().getPosition(); return result; } boolean callToAssertionMethod(Location loc) { InstructionHandle h = loc.getHandle(); int firstPos = h.getPosition(); LineNumberTable ln = method.getLineNumberTable(); int firstLine = ln == null ? -1 : ln.getSourceLine(firstPos); while (h != null) { int pos = h.getPosition(); if (ln == null) { if (pos > firstPos + 15) break; } else { int line = ln.getSourceLine(pos); if (line != firstLine) break; } Instruction i = h.getInstruction(); if (i instanceof InvokeInstruction) { InvokeInstruction ii = (InvokeInstruction) i; String name = ii.getMethodName(classContext.getConstantPoolGen()); if (name.startsWith("check") || name.startsWith("assert")) return true; } h = h.getNext(); } return false; } /* * (non-Javadoc) * * @seeedu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.npe.NullDerefAndRedundantComparisonCollector# * foundGuaranteedNullDeref(java.util.Set, java.util.Set, * edu.umd.cs.findbugs.ba.vna.ValueNumber, boolean) */ public void foundGuaranteedNullDeref(@Nonnull Set<Location> assignedNullLocationSet, @Nonnull Set<Location> derefLocationSet, SortedSet<Location> doomedLocations, ValueNumberDataflow vna, ValueNumber refValue, @CheckForNull BugAnnotation variableAnnotation, NullValueUnconditionalDeref deref, boolean npeIfStatementCovered) { if (refValue.hasFlag(ValueNumber.CONSTANT_CLASS_OBJECT)) return; if (DEBUG) { System.out.println("Found guaranteed null deref in " + method.getName()); for (Location loc : doomedLocations) System.out.println("Doomed at " + loc); } String bugType; int priority = npeIfStatementCovered ? HIGH_PRIORITY : NORMAL_PRIORITY; if (deref.isMethodReturnValue()) { if (deref.isReadlineValue()) bugType = "NP_DEREFERENCE_OF_READLINE_VALUE"; else bugType = "NP_NULL_ON_SOME_PATH_FROM_RETURN_VALUE"; } else if (derefLocationSet.size() > 1) if (!deref.isAlwaysOnExceptionPath()) bugType = "NP_GUARANTEED_DEREF"; else bugType = "NP_GUARANTEED_DEREF_ON_EXCEPTION_PATH"; else if (!deref.isAlwaysOnExceptionPath()) bugType = "NP_NULL_ON_SOME_PATH"; else bugType = "NP_NULL_ON_SOME_PATH_EXCEPTION"; boolean allCallToAssertionMethod = !doomedLocations.isEmpty(); for (Location loc : doomedLocations) { if (!callToAssertionMethod(loc)) allCallToAssertionMethod = false; } if (allCallToAssertionMethod) return; // Add Locations in the set of locations at least one of which // is guaranteed to be dereferenced SortedSet<Location> sourceLocations; if (doomedLocations.isEmpty() || doomedLocations.size() > 3 && doomedLocations.size() > assignedNullLocationSet.size()) sourceLocations = new TreeSet<Location>(assignedNullLocationSet); else sourceLocations = doomedLocations; if (doomedLocations.isEmpty() || derefLocationSet.isEmpty()) return; WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty> propertySet = new WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty>(); addPropertiesForDereferenceLocations(propertySet, derefLocationSet, false); int minDereferencePC = minPC(derefLocationSet); int distance1 = minDereferencePC - maxPC(assignedNullLocationSet); int distance2 = minDereferencePC - maxPC(doomedLocations); int distance = Math.max(distance1, distance2); if (false) System.out.printf("%9d %9d %9d RANGE %s.%s%s\n", distance, distance1, distance2, classContext.getClassDescriptor() .toDottedClassName(), method.getName(), method.getSignature()); // Create BugInstance BitSet knownNull = new BitSet(); SortedSet<SourceLineAnnotation> knownNullLocations = new TreeSet<SourceLineAnnotation>(); for (Location loc : sourceLocations) { SourceLineAnnotation sourceLineAnnotation = SourceLineAnnotation.fromVisitedInstruction(classContext, method, loc); if (sourceLineAnnotation == null) continue; int startLine = sourceLineAnnotation.getStartLine(); if (startLine == -1) knownNullLocations.add(sourceLineAnnotation); else if (!knownNull.get(startLine)) { knownNull.set(startLine); knownNullLocations.add(sourceLineAnnotation); } } FieldAnnotation storedField = null; MethodAnnotation invokedMethod = null; XMethod invokedXMethod = null; int parameterNumber = -1; if (derefLocationSet.size() == 1) { Location loc = derefLocationSet.iterator().next(); PointerUsageRequiringNonNullValue pu = null; try { UsagesRequiringNonNullValues usages = classContext.getUsagesRequiringNonNullValues(method); pu = usages.get(loc, refValue, vnaDataflow); } catch (DataflowAnalysisException e) { AnalysisContext.logError("Error getting UsagesRequiringNonNullValues for " + method, e); } catch (CFGBuilderException e) { AnalysisContext.logError("Error getting UsagesRequiringNonNullValues for " + method, e); } if (pu == null) assert true; // nothing to do else if (deref.isReadlineValue()) { bugType = "NP_DEREFERENCE_OF_READLINE_VALUE"; priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; } else if (deref.isMethodReturnValue() && !deref.isReadlineValue()) { bugType = "NP_NULL_ON_SOME_PATH_FROM_RETURN_VALUE"; priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; } else if (pu.isReturnFromNonNullMethod()) { bugType = "NP_NONNULL_RETURN_VIOLATION"; String methodName = method.getName(); String methodSig = method.getSignature(); if (methodName.equals("clone") && methodSig.equals("()Ljava/lang/Object;")) { bugType = "NP_CLONE_COULD_RETURN_NULL"; priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; } else if (methodName.equals("toString") && methodSig.equals("()Ljava/lang/String;")) { bugType = "NP_TOSTRING_COULD_RETURN_NULL"; priority = NORMAL_PRIORITY; } } else { XField f = pu.getNonNullField(); if (f != null) { storedField = FieldAnnotation.fromXField(f); bugType = "NP_STORE_INTO_NONNULL_FIELD"; } else { XMethodParameter mp = pu.getNonNullParameter(); if (mp != null) { invokedXMethod = mp.getMethod(); for (Location derefLoc : derefLocationSet) if (safeCallToPrimateParseMethod(invokedXMethod, derefLoc)) return; invokedMethod = MethodAnnotation.fromXMethod(mp.getMethod()); if (mp.getParameterNumber() == 0 && TypeQualifierNullnessAnnotationDatabase.assertsFirstParameterIsNonnull(invokedXMethod)) return; parameterNumber = mp.getParameterNumber(); bugType = "NP_NULL_PARAM_DEREF"; } } } } boolean hasManyNullTests = true; for (SourceLineAnnotation sourceLineAnnotation : knownNullLocations) { if (!hasManyPreceedingNullTests(sourceLineAnnotation.getStartBytecode())) hasManyNullTests = false; } if (hasManyNullTests) { if (bugType.equals("NP_NULL_ON_SOME_PATH") || bugType.equals("NP_GUARANTEED_DEREF")) bugType = "NP_NULL_ON_SOME_PATH_MIGHT_BE_INFEASIBLE"; else priority++; } BugInstance bugInstance = new BugInstance(this, bugType, priority).addClassAndMethod(classContext.getJavaClass(), method); if (invokedMethod != null) { assert invokedXMethod != null; XMethod i = invokedXMethod.resolveAccessMethodForMethod(); if (i != invokedXMethod) bugInstance.addMethod(i).describe(MethodAnnotation.METHOD_CALLED); else bugInstance.addMethod(invokedMethod).describe(MethodAnnotation.METHOD_CALLED) .addParameterAnnotation(parameterNumber, "INT_MAYBE_NULL_ARG"); } if (storedField != null) bugInstance.addField(storedField).describe("FIELD_STORED"); bugInstance.addOptionalAnnotation(variableAnnotation); if (variableAnnotation instanceof FieldAnnotation) bugInstance.describe("FIELD_CONTAINS_VALUE"); addPropertiesForDereferenceLocations(propertySet, derefLocationSet, false); if (deref.isAlwaysOnExceptionPath()) propertySet.addProperty(NullDerefProperty.ALWAYS_ON_EXCEPTION_PATH); if (!assignedNullLocationSet.isEmpty() && distance > 100) propertySet.addProperty(NullDerefProperty.LONG_RANGE_NULL_SOURCE); propertySet.decorateBugInstance(bugInstance); if (bugType.equals("NP_DEREFERENCE_OF_READLINE_VALUE")) { int source = -9999; if (knownNullLocations.size() == 1) source = knownNullLocations.iterator().next().getEndBytecode(); for (Location loc : derefLocationSet) { int pos = loc.getHandle().getPosition(); if (pos != source + 3) // immediate dereferences are handled by // another detector bugAccumulator.accumulateBug(bugInstance, SourceLineAnnotation.fromVisitedInstruction(classContext, method, loc)); } } else { for (Location loc : derefLocationSet) bugInstance.addSourceLine(classContext, method, loc).describe(getDescription(loc, refValue)); if (sourceLocations == doomedLocations && assignedNullLocationSet.size() == 1) { Location assignedNull = assignedNullLocationSet.iterator().next(); SourceLineAnnotation sourceLineAnnotation = SourceLineAnnotation.fromVisitedInstruction(classContext, method, assignedNull); if (sourceLineAnnotation != null) { int startLine = sourceLineAnnotation.getStartLine(); if (startLine > 0 && !knownNull.get(startLine)) bugInstance.add(sourceLineAnnotation).describe("SOURCE_LINE_NULL_VALUE"); } } for (SourceLineAnnotation sourceLineAnnotation : knownNullLocations) { bugInstance.add(sourceLineAnnotation).describe("SOURCE_LINE_KNOWN_NULL"); } // Report it bugReporter.reportBug(bugInstance); } } /** * @param propertySet * @param derefLocationSet * @param isConsistent * TODO */ private void addPropertiesForDereferenceLocations(WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty> propertySet, Collection<Location> derefLocationSet, boolean isConsistent) { boolean derefOutsideCatchBlock = false; boolean derefOutsideCatchNullBlock = false; boolean allDerefsAtDoomedLocations = true; for (Location loc : derefLocationSet) { if (!inExplictCatchNullBlock(loc)) { derefOutsideCatchNullBlock = true; if (!inIndirectCatchNullBlock(loc)) derefOutsideCatchBlock = true; } if (!isDoomed(loc)) allDerefsAtDoomedLocations = false; } if (!derefOutsideCatchNullBlock) { propertySet.addProperty(GeneralWarningProperty.FALSE_POSITIVE); return; } if (allDerefsAtDoomedLocations) { // Add a WarningProperty propertySet.addProperty(DoomedCodeWarningProperty.DOOMED_CODE); } boolean uniqueDereferenceLocations = uniqueLocations(derefLocationSet); if (!derefOutsideCatchBlock) { if (!uniqueDereferenceLocations || skipIfInsideCatchNull()) propertySet.addProperty(GeneralWarningProperty.FALSE_POSITIVE); else propertySet.addProperty(NullDerefProperty.DEREFS_IN_CATCH_BLOCKS); } if (!isConsistent && !uniqueDereferenceLocations) // Add a WarningProperty propertySet.addProperty(NullDerefProperty.DEREFS_ARE_CLONED); addPropertiesForMethodContainingWarning(propertySet); } /** * @param derefLocationSet * @return */ private boolean uniqueLocations(Collection<Location> derefLocationSet) { boolean uniqueDereferenceLocations = false; CodeException[] exceptionTable = method.getCode().getExceptionTable(); if (exceptionTable == null) return true; checkForCatchAll: { for (CodeException e : exceptionTable) if (e.getCatchType() == 0) break checkForCatchAll; return true; } LineNumberTable table = method.getLineNumberTable(); if (table == null) uniqueDereferenceLocations = true; else { BitSet linesMentionedMultipleTimes = classContext.linesMentionedMultipleTimes(method); for (Location loc : derefLocationSet) { int lineNumber = table.getSourceLine(loc.getHandle().getPosition()); if (lineNumber > 0 && !linesMentionedMultipleTimes.get(lineNumber)) uniqueDereferenceLocations = true; } } return uniqueDereferenceLocations; } /** * @param propertySet * @param xMethod */ private void addPropertiesForMethodContainingWarning(WarningPropertySet<WarningProperty> propertySet) { XMethod xMethod = XFactory.createXMethod(classContext.getJavaClass(), method); boolean uncallable = !AnalysisContext.currentXFactory().isCalledDirectlyOrIndirectly(xMethod) && xMethod.isPrivate(); if (uncallable) propertySet.addProperty(GeneralWarningProperty.IN_UNCALLABLE_METHOD); } private boolean isDoomed(Location loc) { if (!MARK_DOOMED) { return false; } ReturnPathTypeDataflow rptDataflow; try { rptDataflow = classContext.getReturnPathTypeDataflow(method); ReturnPathType rpt = rptDataflow.getFactAtLocation(loc); return !rpt.canReturnNormally(); } catch (CheckedAnalysisException e) { AnalysisContext.logError("Error getting return path type", e); return false; } } String getDescription(Location loc, ValueNumber refValue) { PointerUsageRequiringNonNullValue pu; try { UsagesRequiringNonNullValues usages = classContext.getUsagesRequiringNonNullValues(method); pu = usages.get(loc, refValue, vnaDataflow); if (pu == null) return "SOURCE_LINE_DEREF"; return pu.getDescription(); } catch (DataflowAnalysisException e) { AnalysisContext.logError("Error getting UsagesRequiringNonNullValues for " + method, e); return "SOURCE_LINE_DEREF"; } catch (CFGBuilderException e) { AnalysisContext.logError("Error getting UsagesRequiringNonNullValues for " + method, e); return "SOURCE_LINE_DEREF"; } } boolean inExplictCatchNullBlock(Location loc) { int pc = loc.getHandle().getPosition(); int catchSize = Util.getSizeOfSurroundingTryBlock(classContext.getJavaClass().getConstantPool(), method.getCode(), "java/lang/NullPointerException", pc); if (catchSize < Integer.MAX_VALUE) return true; return false; } boolean inIndirectCatchNullBlock(Location loc) { int pc = loc.getHandle().getPosition(); int catchSize = Util.getSizeOfSurroundingTryBlock(classContext.getJavaClass().getConstantPool(), method.getCode(), "java/lang/Exception", pc); if (catchSize < 5) return true; catchSize = Util.getSizeOfSurroundingTryBlock(classContext.getJavaClass().getConstantPool(), method.getCode(), "java/lang/RuntimeException", pc); if (catchSize < 5) return true; catchSize = Util.getSizeOfSurroundingTryBlock(classContext.getJavaClass().getConstantPool(), method.getCode(), "java/lang/Throwable", pc); if (catchSize < 5) return true; return false; } } // vim:ts=4