/* * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package java.util; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.ObjectInputStream; import java.io.ObjectOutputStream; import java.io.Serializable; /** * HashMap is an implementation of Map. All optional operations (adding and * removing) are supported. Keys and values can be any objects. */ public class HashMap<K, V> extends AbstractMap<K, V> implements Map<K, V>, Cloneable, Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 362498820763181265L; /* * Actual count of entries */ transient int elementCount; /* * The internal data structure to hold Entries */ transient Entry<K, V>[] elementData; /* * modification count, to keep track of structural modifications between the * HashMap and the iterator */ transient int modCount = 0; /* * default size that an HashMap created using the default constructor would * have. */ private static final int DEFAULT_SIZE = 16; /* * maximum ratio of (stored elements)/(storage size) which does not lead to * rehash */ final float loadFactor; /* * maximum number of elements that can be put in this map before having to * rehash */ int threshold; static class Entry<K, V> extends MapEntry<K, V> { final int origKeyHash; Entry<K, V> next; Entry(K theKey, int hash) { super(theKey, null); this.origKeyHash = hash; } Entry(K theKey, V theValue) { super(theKey, theValue); origKeyHash = (theKey == null ? 0 : computeHashCode(theKey)); } @Override @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public Object clone() { Entry<K, V> entry = (Entry<K, V>) super.clone(); if (next != null) { entry.next = (Entry<K, V>) next.clone(); } return entry; } } private static class AbstractMapIterator<K, V> { private int position = 0; int expectedModCount; Entry<K, V> futureEntry; Entry<K, V> currentEntry; Entry<K, V> prevEntry; final HashMap<K, V> associatedMap; AbstractMapIterator(HashMap<K, V> hm) { associatedMap = hm; expectedModCount = hm.modCount; futureEntry = null; } public boolean hasNext() { if (futureEntry != null) { return true; } while (position < associatedMap.elementData.length) { if (associatedMap.elementData[position] == null) { position++; } else { return true; } } return false; } final void checkConcurrentMod() throws ConcurrentModificationException { if (expectedModCount != associatedMap.modCount) { throw new ConcurrentModificationException(); } } final void makeNext() { checkConcurrentMod(); if (!hasNext()) { throw new NoSuchElementException(); } if (futureEntry == null) { currentEntry = associatedMap.elementData[position++]; futureEntry = currentEntry.next; prevEntry = null; } else { if(currentEntry!=null){ prevEntry = currentEntry; } currentEntry = futureEntry; futureEntry = futureEntry.next; } } public final void remove() { checkConcurrentMod(); if (currentEntry==null) { throw new IllegalStateException(); } if(prevEntry==null){ int index = currentEntry.origKeyHash & (associatedMap.elementData.length - 1); associatedMap.elementData[index] = associatedMap.elementData[index].next; } else { prevEntry.next = currentEntry.next; } currentEntry = null; expectedModCount++; associatedMap.modCount++; associatedMap.elementCount--; } } private static class EntryIterator <K, V> extends AbstractMapIterator<K, V> implements Iterator<Map.Entry<K, V>> { EntryIterator (HashMap<K, V> map) { super(map); } public Map.Entry<K, V> next() { makeNext(); return currentEntry; } } private static class KeyIterator <K, V> extends AbstractMapIterator<K, V> implements Iterator<K> { KeyIterator (HashMap<K, V> map) { super(map); } public K next() { makeNext(); return currentEntry.key; } } private static class ValueIterator <K, V> extends AbstractMapIterator<K, V> implements Iterator<V> { ValueIterator (HashMap<K, V> map) { super(map); } public V next() { makeNext(); return currentEntry.value; } } static class HashMapEntrySet<KT, VT> extends AbstractSet<Map.Entry<KT, VT>> { private final HashMap<KT, VT> associatedMap; public HashMapEntrySet(HashMap<KT, VT> hm) { associatedMap = hm; } HashMap<KT, VT> hashMap() { return associatedMap; } @Override public int size() { return associatedMap.elementCount; } @Override public void clear() { associatedMap.clear(); } @Override public boolean remove(Object object) { if (object instanceof Map.Entry) { Map.Entry<?, ?> oEntry = (Map.Entry<?, ?>) object; Entry<KT,VT> entry = associatedMap.getEntry(oEntry.getKey()); if(valuesEq(entry, oEntry)) { associatedMap.removeEntry(entry); return true; } } return false; } @Override public boolean contains(Object object) { if (object instanceof Map.Entry) { Map.Entry<?, ?> oEntry = (Map.Entry<?, ?>) object; Entry<KT, VT> entry = associatedMap.getEntry(oEntry.getKey()); return valuesEq(entry, oEntry); } return false; } private static boolean valuesEq(Entry entry, Map.Entry<?, ?> oEntry) { return (entry != null) && ((entry.value == null) ? (oEntry.getValue() == null) : (areEqualValues(entry.value, oEntry.getValue()))); } @Override public Iterator<Map.Entry<KT, VT>> iterator() { return new EntryIterator<KT,VT> (associatedMap); } } /** * Create a new element array * * @param s * @return Reference to the element array */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") Entry<K, V>[] newElementArray(int s) { return new Entry[s]; } /** * Constructs a new empty {@code HashMap} instance. */ public HashMap() { this(DEFAULT_SIZE); } /** * Constructs a new {@code HashMap} instance with the specified capacity. * * @param capacity * the initial capacity of this hash map. * @throws IllegalArgumentException * when the capacity is less than zero. */ public HashMap(int capacity) { this(capacity, 0.75f); // default load factor of 0.75 } /** * Calculates the capacity of storage required for storing given number of * elements * * @param x * number of elements * @return storage size */ private static final int calculateCapacity(int x) { if(x >= 1 << 30){ return 1 << 30; } if(x == 0){ return 16; } x = x -1; x |= x >> 1; x |= x >> 2; x |= x >> 4; x |= x >> 8; x |= x >> 16; return x + 1; } /** * Constructs a new {@code HashMap} instance with the specified capacity and * load factor. * * @param capacity * the initial capacity of this hash map. * @param loadFactor * the initial load factor. * @throws IllegalArgumentException * when the capacity is less than zero or the load factor is * less or equal to zero. */ public HashMap(int capacity, float loadFactor) { if (capacity >= 0 && loadFactor > 0) { capacity = calculateCapacity(capacity); elementCount = 0; elementData = newElementArray(capacity); this.loadFactor = loadFactor; computeThreshold(); } else { throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } } /** * Constructs a new {@code HashMap} instance containing the mappings from * the specified map. * * @param map * the mappings to add. */ public HashMap(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> map) { this(calculateCapacity(map.size())); putAllImpl(map); } /** * Removes all mappings from this hash map, leaving it empty. * * @see #isEmpty * @see #size */ @Override public void clear() { if (elementCount > 0) { elementCount = 0; Arrays.fill(elementData, null); modCount++; } } /** * Returns a shallow copy of this map. * * @return a shallow copy of this map. */ @Override @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public Object clone() { try { HashMap<K, V> map = (HashMap<K, V>) super.clone(); map.elementCount = 0; map.elementData = newElementArray(elementData.length); map.putAll(this); return map; } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) { return null; } } /** * Computes the threshold for rehashing */ private void computeThreshold() { threshold = (int) (elementData.length * loadFactor); } /** * Returns whether this map contains the specified key. * * @param key * the key to search for. * @return {@code true} if this map contains the specified key, * {@code false} otherwise. */ @Override public boolean containsKey(Object key) { Entry<K, V> m = getEntry(key); return m != null; } /** * Returns whether this map contains the specified value. * * @param value * the value to search for. * @return {@code true} if this map contains the specified value, * {@code false} otherwise. */ @Override public boolean containsValue(Object value) { if (value != null) { for (int i = 0; i < elementData.length; i++) { Entry<K, V> entry = elementData[i]; while (entry != null) { if (areEqualValues(value, entry.value)) { return true; } entry = entry.next; } } } else { for (int i = 0; i < elementData.length; i++) { Entry<K, V> entry = elementData[i]; while (entry != null) { if (entry.value == null) { return true; } entry = entry.next; } } } return false; } /** * Returns a set containing all of the mappings in this map. Each mapping is * an instance of {@link Map.Entry}. As the set is backed by this map, * changes in one will be reflected in the other. * * @return a set of the mappings. */ @Override public Set<Map.Entry<K, V>> entrySet() { return new HashMapEntrySet<K, V>(this); } /** * Returns the value of the mapping with the specified key. * * @param key * the key. * @return the value of the mapping with the specified key, or {@code null} * if no mapping for the specified key is found. */ @Override public V get(Object key) { Entry<K, V> m = getEntry(key); if (m != null) { return m.value; } return null; } final Entry<K, V> getEntry(Object key) { Entry<K, V> m; if (key == null) { m = findNullKeyEntry(); } else { int hash = computeHashCode(key); int index = hash & (elementData.length - 1); m = findNonNullKeyEntry(key, index, hash); } return m; } final Entry<K,V> findNonNullKeyEntry(Object key, int index, int keyHash) { Entry<K,V> m = elementData[index]; while (m != null && (m.origKeyHash != keyHash || !areEqualKeys(key, m.key))) { m = m.next; } return m; } final Entry<K,V> findNullKeyEntry() { Entry<K,V> m = elementData[0]; while (m != null && m.key != null) m = m.next; return m; } /** * Returns whether this map is empty. * * @return {@code true} if this map has no elements, {@code false} * otherwise. * @see #size() */ @Override public boolean isEmpty() { return elementCount == 0; } /** * Returns a set of the keys contained in this map. The set is backed by * this map so changes to one are reflected by the other. The set does not * support adding. * * @return a set of the keys. */ @Override public Set<K> keySet() { if (keySet == null) { keySet = new AbstractSet<K>() { @Override public boolean contains(Object object) { return containsKey(object); } @Override public int size() { return HashMap.this.size(); } @Override public void clear() { HashMap.this.clear(); } @Override public boolean remove(Object key) { Entry<K, V> entry = HashMap.this.removeEntry(key); return entry != null; } @Override public Iterator<K> iterator() { return new KeyIterator<K,V> (HashMap.this); } }; } return keySet; } /** * Maps the specified key to the specified value. * * @param key * the key. * @param value * the value. * @return the value of any previous mapping with the specified key or * {@code null} if there was no such mapping. */ @Override public V put(K key, V value) { return putImpl(key, value); } V putImpl(K key, V value) { Entry<K,V> entry; if(key == null) { entry = findNullKeyEntry(); if (entry == null) { modCount++; entry = createHashedEntry(null, 0, 0); if (++elementCount > threshold) { rehash(); } } } else { int hash = computeHashCode(key); int index = hash & (elementData.length - 1); entry = findNonNullKeyEntry(key, index, hash); if (entry == null) { modCount++; entry = createHashedEntry(key, index, hash); if (++elementCount > threshold) { rehash(); } } } V result = entry.value; entry.value = value; return result; } Entry<K, V> createEntry(K key, int index, V value) { Entry<K, V> entry = new Entry<K, V>(key, value); entry.next = elementData[index]; elementData[index] = entry; return entry; } Entry<K,V> createHashedEntry(K key, int index, int hash) { Entry<K,V> entry = new Entry<K,V>(key,hash); entry.next = elementData[index]; elementData[index] = entry; return entry; } /** * Copies all the mappings in the specified map to this map. These mappings * will replace all mappings that this map had for any of the keys currently * in the given map. * * @param map * the map to copy mappings from. * @throws NullPointerException * if {@code map} is {@code null}. */ @Override public void putAll(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> map) { if (!map.isEmpty()) { putAllImpl(map); } } private void putAllImpl(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> map) { int capacity = elementCount + map.size(); if (capacity > threshold) { rehash(capacity); } for (Map.Entry<? extends K, ? extends V> entry : map.entrySet()) { putImpl(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()); } } void rehash(int capacity) { int length = calculateCapacity((capacity == 0 ? 1 : capacity << 1)); Entry<K, V>[] newData = newElementArray(length); for (int i = 0; i < elementData.length; i++) { Entry<K, V> entry = elementData[i]; elementData[i] = null; while (entry != null) { int index = entry.origKeyHash & (length - 1); Entry<K, V> next = entry.next; entry.next = newData[index]; newData[index] = entry; entry = next; } } elementData = newData; computeThreshold(); } void rehash() { rehash(elementData.length); } /** * Removes the mapping with the specified key from this map. * * @param key * the key of the mapping to remove. * @return the value of the removed mapping or {@code null} if no mapping * for the specified key was found. */ @Override public V remove(Object key) { Entry<K, V> entry = removeEntry(key); if (entry != null) { return entry.value; } return null; } /* * Remove the given entry from the hashmap. * Assumes that the entry is in the map. */ final void removeEntry(Entry<K, V> entry) { int index = entry.origKeyHash & (elementData.length - 1); Entry<K, V> m = elementData[index]; if (m == entry) { elementData[index] = entry.next; } else { while (m.next != entry) { m = m.next; } m.next = entry.next; } modCount++; elementCount--; } final Entry<K, V> removeEntry(Object key) { int index = 0; Entry<K, V> entry; Entry<K, V> last = null; if (key != null) { int hash = computeHashCode(key); index = hash & (elementData.length - 1); entry = elementData[index]; while (entry != null && !(entry.origKeyHash == hash && areEqualKeys(key, entry.key))) { last = entry; entry = entry.next; } } else { entry = elementData[0]; while (entry != null && entry.key != null) { last = entry; entry = entry.next; } } if (entry == null) { return null; } if (last == null) { elementData[index] = entry.next; } else { last.next = entry.next; } modCount++; elementCount--; return entry; } /** * Returns the number of elements in this map. * * @return the number of elements in this map. */ @Override public int size() { return elementCount; } /** * Returns a collection of the values contained in this map. The collection * is backed by this map so changes to one are reflected by the other. The * collection supports remove, removeAll, retainAll and clear operations, * and it does not support add or addAll operations. * <p> * This method returns a collection which is the subclass of * AbstractCollection. The iterator method of this subclass returns a * "wrapper object" over the iterator of map's entrySet(). The {@code size} * method wraps the map's size method and the {@code contains} method wraps * the map's containsValue method. * <p> * The collection is created when this method is called for the first time * and returned in response to all subsequent calls. This method may return * different collections when multiple concurrent calls occur, since no * synchronization is performed. * * @return a collection of the values contained in this map. */ @Override public Collection<V> values() { if (valuesCollection == null) { valuesCollection = new AbstractCollection<V>() { @Override public boolean contains(Object object) { return containsValue(object); } @Override public int size() { return HashMap.this.size(); } @Override public void clear() { HashMap.this.clear(); } @Override public Iterator<V> iterator() { return new ValueIterator<K,V> (HashMap.this); } }; } return valuesCollection; } private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream stream) throws IOException { stream.defaultWriteObject(); stream.writeInt(elementData.length); stream.writeInt(elementCount); Iterator<?> iterator = entrySet().iterator(); while (iterator.hasNext()) { Entry<?, ?> entry = (Entry<?, ?>) iterator.next(); stream.writeObject(entry.key); stream.writeObject(entry.value); entry = entry.next; } } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException { stream.defaultReadObject(); int length = stream.readInt(); elementData = newElementArray(length); elementCount = stream.readInt(); for (int i = elementCount; --i >= 0;) { K key = (K) stream.readObject(); int index = (null == key) ? 0 : (computeHashCode(key) & (length - 1)); createEntry(key, index, (V) stream.readObject()); } } /* * Contract-related functionality */ static int computeHashCode(Object key) { return key.hashCode(); } static boolean areEqualKeys(Object key1, Object key2) { return (key1 == key2) || key1.equals(key2); } static boolean areEqualValues(Object value1, Object value2) { return (value1 == value2) || value1.equals(value2); } }