/* * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package org.apache.tomcat.util.res; import java.text.MessageFormat; import java.util.Enumeration; import java.util.Hashtable; import java.util.LinkedHashMap; import java.util.Locale; import java.util.Map; import java.util.MissingResourceException; import java.util.ResourceBundle; /** * An internationalization / localization helper class which reduces * the bother of handling ResourceBundles and takes care of the * common cases of message formating which otherwise require the * creation of Object arrays and such. * * <p>The StringManager operates on a package basis. One StringManager * per package can be created and accessed via the getManager method * call. * * <p>The StringManager will look for a ResourceBundle named by * the package name given plus the suffix of "LocalStrings". In * practice, this means that the localized information will be contained * in a LocalStrings.properties file located in the package * directory of the class path. * * <p>Please see the documentation for java.util.ResourceBundle for * more information. * * @author James Duncan Davidson [duncan@eng.sun.com] * @author James Todd [gonzo@eng.sun.com] * @author Mel Martinez [mmartinez@g1440.com] * @see java.util.ResourceBundle */ public class StringManager { private static int LOCALE_CACHE_SIZE = 10; /** * The ResourceBundle for this StringManager. */ private final ResourceBundle bundle; private final Locale locale; /** * Creates a new StringManager for a given package. This is a * private method and all access to it is arbitrated by the * static getManager method call so that only one StringManager * per package will be created. * * @param packageName Name of package to create StringManager for. */ private StringManager(String packageName, Locale locale) { String bundleName = packageName + ".LocalStrings"; ResourceBundle bnd = null; try { bnd = ResourceBundle.getBundle(bundleName, locale); } catch (MissingResourceException ex) { // Try from the current loader (that's the case for trusted apps) // Should only be required if using a TC5 style classloader structure // where common != shared != server ClassLoader cl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader(); if (cl != null) { try { bnd = ResourceBundle.getBundle(bundleName, locale, cl); } catch (MissingResourceException ex2) { // Ignore } } } bundle = bnd; // Get the actual locale, which may be different from the requested one if (bundle != null) { Locale bundleLocale = bundle.getLocale(); if (bundleLocale.equals(Locale.ROOT)) { this.locale = Locale.ENGLISH; } else { this.locale = bundleLocale; } } else { this.locale = null; } } /** * Get a string from the underlying resource bundle or return null if the * String is not found. * * @param key to desired resource String * * @return resource String matching <i>key</i> from underlying bundle or * null if not found. * * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <i>key</i> is null */ public String getString(String key) { if (key == null){ String msg = "key may not have a null value"; throw new IllegalArgumentException(msg); } String str = null; try { // Avoid NPE if bundle is null and treat it like an MRE if (bundle != null) { str = bundle.getString(key); } } catch (MissingResourceException mre) { //bad: shouldn't mask an exception the following way: // str = "[cannot find message associated with key '" + key + // "' due to " + mre + "]"; // because it hides the fact that the String was missing // from the calling code. //good: could just throw the exception (or wrap it in another) // but that would probably cause much havoc on existing // code. //better: consistent with container pattern to // simply return null. Calling code can then do // a null check. str = null; } return str; } /** * Get a string from the underlying resource bundle and format * it with the given set of arguments. * * @param key The key for the required message * @param args The values to insert into the message * * @return The request string formatted with the provided arguments or the * key if the key was not found. */ public String getString(final String key, final Object... args) { String value = getString(key); if (value == null) { value = key; } MessageFormat mf = new MessageFormat(value); mf.setLocale(locale); return mf.format(args, new StringBuffer(), null).toString(); } /** * Identify the Locale this StringManager is associated with. * * @return The Locale associated with the StringManager */ public Locale getLocale() { return locale; } // -------------------------------------------------------------- // STATIC SUPPORT METHODS // -------------------------------------------------------------- private static final Map<String, Map<Locale,StringManager>> managers = new Hashtable<>(); /** * Get the StringManager for a given class. The StringManager will be * returned for the package in which the class is located. If a manager for * that package already exists, it will be reused, else a new * StringManager will be created and returned. * * @param clazz The class for which to retrieve the StringManager * * @return The instance associated with the package of the provide class */ public static final StringManager getManager(Class<?> clazz) { return getManager(clazz.getPackage().getName()); } /** * Get the StringManager for a particular package. If a manager for * a package already exists, it will be reused, else a new * StringManager will be created and returned. * * @param packageName The package name * * @return The instance associated with the given package and the default * Locale */ public static final StringManager getManager(String packageName) { return getManager(packageName, Locale.getDefault()); } /** * Get the StringManager for a particular package and Locale. If a manager * for a package/Locale combination already exists, it will be reused, else * a new StringManager will be created and returned. * * @param packageName The package name * @param locale The Locale * * @return The instance associated with the given package and Locale */ public static final synchronized StringManager getManager( String packageName, Locale locale) { Map<Locale,StringManager> map = managers.get(packageName); if (map == null) { /* * Don't want the HashMap to be expanded beyond LOCALE_CACHE_SIZE. * Expansion occurs when size() exceeds capacity. Therefore keep * size at or below capacity. * removeEldestEntry() executes after insertion therefore the test * for removal needs to use one less than the maximum desired size * */ map = new LinkedHashMap<Locale,StringManager>(LOCALE_CACHE_SIZE, 1, true) { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Override protected boolean removeEldestEntry( Map.Entry<Locale,StringManager> eldest) { if (size() > (LOCALE_CACHE_SIZE - 1)) { return true; } return false; } }; managers.put(packageName, map); } StringManager mgr = map.get(locale); if (mgr == null) { mgr = new StringManager(packageName, locale); map.put(locale, mgr); } return mgr; } /** * Retrieve the StringManager for a list of Locales. The first StringManager * found will be returned. * * @param packageName The package for which the StringManager was * requested * @param requestedLocales The list of Locales * * @return the found StringManager or the default StringManager */ public static StringManager getManager(String packageName, Enumeration<Locale> requestedLocales) { while (requestedLocales.hasMoreElements()) { Locale locale = requestedLocales.nextElement(); StringManager result = getManager(packageName, locale); if (result.getLocale().equals(locale)) { return result; } } // Return the default return getManager(packageName); } }