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Hibernate JPA One To Many Relation Mapping Example

By admin | November 23, 2013 | Updated : May 23, 2016 hibernate, jpa, No Comments
Hibernate JPA One To Many Relation Mapping Example

Hibernate JPA One To Many Relation Mapping Example explains about how to implement a One To Many relationship by using Hibernate JPA

Java Persistence API (JPA) is a standard interface which wraps different ORM tools such as  Hibernate, EclipseLink, OpenJPA etc. ie; you can able to change Hibernate implementation to EclipseLink implementation without changing the code base.

one-to-many entity relationship, each record of an entity have multiple records in other associated entity

On this standalone One To Many Mapping Example, we are using Java Persistence (JPA) With MySQL Database. If you want to configure Hibernate JPA With other Databases, you can check below table

Database Driver class Jar name Examples
MySQL com.mysql.jdbc.Driver mysql-connector-java-5.1.25-bin.jar (exact name depends on version)
http://www.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/		 EclipseLink JPA With MySQL
Hibernate JPA With MySQL
HSQLDB org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver hsqldb.jar
http://hsqldb.sourceforge.net		 Hibernate JPA With HSQL
EclipseLink JPA With HSQL
Sybase com.sybase.jdbc3.jdbc.SybDriver jconnect.jar
http://www.sybase.com/products/allproductsa-z/softwaredeveloperkit/jconnect		 Hibernate JPA With Sybase
EclipseLink JPA With Sybase
Apache Derby org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver derby.jar
http://db.apache.org/derby/		 Hibernate JPA With Derby
EclipseLink JPA With Derby
IBM DB2 com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2Driver db2jcc4.jar
http://www-01.ibm.com/software/data/db2/linux-unix-windows/download.html		 Hibernate JPA With DB2
EclipseLink JPA With DB2
PostgreSQL org.postgresql.Driver postgresql-8.4-701.jdbc4.jar (exact name depends on PostgreSQL version)
http://jdbc.postgresql.org		 Hibernate JPA With PostgreSQL
EclipseLink JPA With PostgreSQL
SQL Server (Microsoft driver) com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver sqljdbc4.jar
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/data/aa937724%28en-us%29.aspx		 Hibernate JPA With SQL Server
EclipseLink JPA With SQL Server
Informix com.informix.jdbc.IfxDriver ifxjdbc.jar
http://www14.software.ibm.com/webapp/download/search.jsp?go=y&rs=ifxjdbc		 Hibernate JPA With Informix
EclipseLink JPA With Informix
Note

You can also check following related Hibernate JPA Tutorial Series

1)    Hibernate JPA One To One Relation Mapping Example
2)    Hibernate JPA One To Many Relation Mapping Example
3)    Hibernate JPA Many To One Relation Mapping Example
4)    Hibernate JPA Many To Many Relation Mapping Example

Let us see how to implement JPA One-to-Many relationship using Hibernate

Required Libraries

You need to download

  1. JDK 7
  2. Eclipse 3.7
  3. Hibernate 4.3.1
  4. Mysql 5.1.30

Following jar must be in classpath

  1. antlr-2.7.7.jar
  2. dom4j-1.6.1.jar
  3. hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.4.Final.jar
  4. hibernate-core-4.3.1.Final.jar
  5. hibernate-entitymanager-4.3.1.Final.jar
  6. hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar
  7. jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar
  8. dom4j-1.6.1.jar
  9. jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar
  10. jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar
  11. mysql-connector-java-5.1.28-bin.jar
Note

By using hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto property, hibernate automatically create below table structure, so you only need to have the following property in persistence.xml

<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create-drop" />

Table structure

CREATE TABLE `company` (
  `ADDRESSID` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `CITY` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `COUNTRY` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `STATE` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `STREET` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`ADDRESSID`)
);

CREATE TABLE `employee` (
  `EMPLOYEEID` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `EMPLOYEENAME` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `COMPANY_EMPLOYEE` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`EMPLOYEEID`),
  KEY `FK_j1a2fo8yfvds4h8fr03ydga18` (`COMPANY_EMPLOYEE`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK_j1a2fo8yfvds4h8fr03ydga18` FOREIGN KEY (`COMPANY_EMPLOYEE`) REFERENCES `company` (`ADDRESSID`)
) ;

Create Company & Employee model classes as per the above table structure

Company.java

package com.jpa.onetomany;

import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;

@Entity
public class Company implements java.io.Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    @Column(name = "ADDRESSID")
    private long addressID;
    @Column(name = "STREET")
    private String street;
    @Column(name = "CITY")
    private String city;
    @Column(name = "STATE")
    private String state;
    @Column(name = "COUNTRY")
    private String country;
   
    @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL,fetch=FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinColumn(name = "COMPANY_EMPLOYEE")
    private Set<Employee> employees;
   

    public Company() {
        super();
    }

    public Company(String street, String city, String state, String country) {
        this.street = street;
        this.city = city;
        this.state = state;
        this.country = country;
    }

    public long getAddressID() {
        return addressID;
    }

    public void setAddressID(long addressID) {
        this.addressID = addressID;
    }
   
   

    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }

    public void setStreet(String street) {
        this.street = street;
    }

    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }

    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }

    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }

    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }

    public String getCountry() {
        return country;
    }

    public void setCountry(String country) {
        this.country = country;
    }

    public Set<Employee> getEmployees() {
        return employees;
    }

    public void setEmployees(Set<Employee> employees) {
        this.employees = employees;
    }

}

Employee.java

package com.jpa.onetomany;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;



@Entity
public class Employee implements java.io.Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
   
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    @Column(name = "EMPLOYEEID")
    private long employeeId;
    @Column(name = "EMPLOYEENAME")
    private String employeeName;
   
    public Employee() {
        super();
    }
   
   

    public Employee(String employeeName) {
        super();
        this.employeeName = employeeName;
    }



    public Employee(String employeeName, Company company) {
        this.employeeName = employeeName;
    }

    public long getEmployeeId() {
        return employeeId;
    }

    public void setEmployeeId(long employeeId) {
        this.employeeId = employeeId;
    }

    public String getEmployeeName() {
        return employeeName;
    }

    public void setEmployeeName(String employeeName) {
        this.employeeName = employeeName;
    }

}
@OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL,fetch=FetchType.LAZY) annotation is used for linking single record of Employee table with multiple records of Company table
@JoinColumn(name = "COMPANY_EMPLOYEE") , which is connecting company & employee tables by using keyword @JoinColumn (COMPANY_EMPLOYEE)
@Entity declares the class as an entity (i.e. a persistent POJO class)
@Table is set at the class level; it allows you to define the table, catalog, and schema names for your entity mapping. If no @Table is defined the default values are used: the unqualified class name of the entity.
@Id declares the identifier property of this entity.
@GeneratedValue annotation is used to specify the primary key generation strategy to use. If the strategy is not specified by default AUTO will be used.
@Column annotation is used to specify the details of the column to which a field or property will be mapped. If the @Column annotation is not specified by default the property name will be used as the column name.

EntityManagerUtil.java

package com.jpa.manytomany;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;


public class EntityManagerUtil {
  private static final EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;
  static {
    try {
      entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("test");

    } catch (Throwable ex) {
      System.err.println("Initial SessionFactory creation failed." + ex);
      throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
    }
  }

  public static EntityManager getEntityManager() {
    return entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();

  }
}

persistence.xml

persistence.xml file must be under src/META-INF Please check the screenshot(project structure)

<persistence xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd"
	version="2.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence">
	<persistence-unit name="test" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
		<properties>
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" />
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root" />
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="root" />
			<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create-drop" />
			<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
		</properties>
	</persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Project Structure

Now project structure looks like following

JPA One To Many Mapping Example

Just execute below class and see the output

JPAOneToManyExample.java

package com.jpa.onetomany;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;

public class JPAOneToManyExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EntityManager entityManager = EntityManagerUtil.getEntityManager();
        try {
            entityManager.getTransaction().begin();
           
            Company company = new Company();
            company.setCity("Kolkata");
            company.setCountry("India");
            company.setState("Bengal");
            company.setStreet("Number 15");
            Employee employee1 = new Employee("Rockey");
            Employee employee2 = new Employee("Jose");
            Set<Employee> employees = new HashSet<Employee>();
            employees.add(employee1);
            employees.add(employee2);
            company.setEmployees(employees);
            entityManager.persist(company);
           
            entityManager.getTransaction().commit();
        }  catch (Exception e) {
            entityManager.getTransaction().rollback();
        }finally {
            entityManager.close();
        }
    }

}
Output
ADDRESSID CITY COUNTRY STATE STREET
1 Kolkata India Bengal Number 15
EMPLOYEEID EMPLOYEENAME COMPANY_EMPLOYEE
1 Rockey 1
2 Jose 1




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