NonBlockingServer.java

package com.github.nettybook.ch0;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class NonBlockingServer {
    private InetAddress addr;
    private int port;
    private Selector selector;
    private Map<SocketChannel, List<byte[]>> dataMap;

    public NonBlockingServer(InetAddress addr, int port) throws IOException {
        this.addr = addr;
        this.port = port;
        dataMap = new HashMap<SocketChannel, List<byte[]>>();
        startServer();
    }

    private void startServer() throws IOException {
        // create selector and channel
        this.selector = Selector.open();
        ServerSocketChannel serverChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        serverChannel.configureBlocking(false);

        // bind to port
        InetSocketAddress listenAddr = new InetSocketAddress(this.addr, this.port);
        serverChannel.socket().bind(listenAddr);
        serverChannel.register(this.selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);

        // processing
        while (true) {
            // wait for events
            this.selector.select();

            // wakeup to work on selected keys
            Iterator<SelectionKey> keys = this.selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
            while (keys.hasNext()) {
                SelectionKey key = (SelectionKey) keys.next();

                // this is necessary to prevent the same key from coming up
                // again the next time around.
                keys.remove();

                if (!key.isValid()) {
                    continue;
                }

                if (key.isAcceptable()) {
                    this.accept(key);
                }
                else if (key.isReadable()) {
                    this.read(key);
                }
                else if (key.isWritable()) {
                    this.write(key);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void accept(SelectionKey key) throws IOException {
        ServerSocketChannel serverChannel = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel();
        SocketChannel channel = serverChannel.accept();
        channel.configureBlocking(false);

        // write welcome message
        channel.write(ByteBuffer.wrap("Welcome, this is the echo server\r\n".getBytes("US-ASCII")));

        // register channel with selector for further IO
        dataMap.put(channel, new ArrayList<byte[]>());
        channel.register(this.selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
    }

    private void read(SelectionKey key) throws IOException {
        SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();

        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(8192);
        int numRead = -1;
        try {
            numRead = channel.read(buffer);
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        if (numRead == -1) {
            this.dataMap.remove(channel);
            channel.close();
            key.cancel();
            return;
        }

        byte[] data = new byte[numRead];
        System.arraycopy(buffer.array(), 0, data, 0, numRead);

        // write back to client
        doEcho(key, data);
    }

    private void write(SelectionKey key) throws IOException {
        SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
        List<byte[]> pendingData = this.dataMap.get(channel);
        Iterator<byte[]> items = pendingData.iterator();
        while (items.hasNext()) {
            byte[] item = items.next();
            items.remove();
            channel.write(ByteBuffer.wrap(item));
        }
        key.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_READ);
    }

    private void doEcho(SelectionKey key, byte[] data) {
        SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
        List<byte[]> pendingData = this.dataMap.get(channel);
        pendingData.add(data);
        key.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        new NonBlockingServer(null, 8888);
    }
}