/* * Copyright 2012, 2014 the original author or authors. * * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. * */ package net.bither.utils; import net.bither.bitherj.utils.GenericUtils; import net.bither.bitherj.utils.UnitUtil; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import javax.annotation.Nullable; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import java.net.URLDecoder; import java.util.LinkedHashMap; import java.util.Locale; import java.util.Map; import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull; public class BitcoinURI { /** * Provides logging for this class */ private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(BitcoinURI.class); // Not worth turning into an enum public static final String FIELD_MESSAGE = "message"; public static final String FIELD_LABEL = "label"; public static final String FIELD_AMOUNT = "amount"; public static final String FIELD_ADDRESS = "address"; public static final String FIELD_PAYMENT_REQUEST_URL = "r"; public static final String BITCOIN_SCHEME = "bitcoin"; private static final String ENCODED_SPACE_CHARACTER = "%20"; private static final String AMPERSAND_SEPARATOR = "&"; private static final String QUESTION_MARK_SEPARATOR = "?"; /** * Contains all the parameters in the order in which they were processed */ private final Map<String, Object> parameterMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>(); /** * Constructs a new BitcoinURI from the given string. Can be for any network. * * @param input The raw URI data to be parsed (see class comments for accepted formats) * @throws net.bither.utils.BitcoinURI.BitcoinURIParseException if the URI is not syntactically or semantically valid. */ public BitcoinURI(String input) throws BitcoinURIParseException { checkNotNull(input); // Attempt to form the URI (fail fast syntax checking to official standards). // URI uri; // try { // uri = new URI(input); // } catch (URISyntaxException e) { // throw new BitcoinURIParseException("Bad URI syntax", e); // } // URI is formed as bitcoin:<address>?<query parameters> // blockchain.info generates URIs of non-BIP compliant form bitcoin://address?.... // We support both until Ben fixes his code. // Remove the bitcoin scheme. // (Note: getSchemeSpecificPart() is not used as it unescapes the label and parse then // fails. // For instance with : bitcoin:129mVqKUmJ9uwPxKJBnNdABbuaaNfho4Ha?amount=0 // .06&label=Tom%20%26%20Jerry // the & (%26) in Tom and Jerry gets interpreted as a separator and the label then gets // parsed // as 'Tom ' instead of 'Tom & Jerry') String schemeSpecificPart; if (input.startsWith("bitcoin://")) { schemeSpecificPart = input.substring("bitcoin://".length()); } else if (input.startsWith("bitcoin:")) { schemeSpecificPart = input.substring("bitcoin:".length()); } else { throw new BitcoinURIParseException("Unsupported URI scheme"); } // Split off the address from the rest of the query parameters. String[] addressSplitTokens = schemeSpecificPart.split("\\?"); if (addressSplitTokens.length == 0) { throw new BitcoinURIParseException("No data found after the bitcoin: prefix"); } String addressToken = addressSplitTokens[0]; // may be empty! String[] nameValuePairTokens; if (addressSplitTokens.length == 1) { // Only an address is specified - use an empty '<name>=<value>' token array. nameValuePairTokens = new String[]{}; } else { if (addressSplitTokens.length == 2) { // Split into '<name>=<value>' tokens. nameValuePairTokens = addressSplitTokens[1].split("&"); } else { throw new BitcoinURIParseException("Too many question marks in URI"); } } // Attempt to parse the rest of the URI parameters. parseParameters(addressToken, nameValuePairTokens); if (!addressToken.isEmpty()) { // Attempt to parse the addressToken as a Bitcoin address for this network putWithValidation(FIELD_ADDRESS, addressToken); } if (addressToken.isEmpty() && getPaymentRequestUrl() == null) { throw new BitcoinURIParseException("No address and no r= parameter found"); } } /** * @param nameValuePairTokens The tokens representing the name value pairs (assumed to be * separated by '=' e.g. 'amount=0.2') */ private void parseParameters(String addressToken, String[] nameValuePairTokens) throws BitcoinURIParseException { // Attempt to decode the rest of the tokens into a parameter map. for (String nameValuePairToken : nameValuePairTokens) { final int sepIndex = nameValuePairToken.indexOf('='); if (sepIndex == -1) { throw new BitcoinURIParseException("Malformed Bitcoin URI - no separator in '" + nameValuePairToken + "'"); } if (sepIndex == 0) { throw new BitcoinURIParseException("Malformed Bitcoin URI - empty name '" + nameValuePairToken + "'"); } final String nameToken = nameValuePairToken.substring(0, sepIndex).toLowerCase(Locale .ENGLISH); final String valueToken = nameValuePairToken.substring(sepIndex + 1); // Parse the amount. if (FIELD_AMOUNT.equals(nameToken)) { // Decode the amount (contains an optional decimal component to 8dp). try { Long amount = Long.valueOf(GenericUtils.toNanoCoins(valueToken, 0).longValue()); putWithValidation(FIELD_AMOUNT, amount); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { throw new OptionalFieldValidationException(String.format("'%s' is not a " + "valid" + " amount", valueToken), e); } catch (ArithmeticException e) { throw new OptionalFieldValidationException(String.format("'%s' has too many " + "decimal places", valueToken), e); } } else { // Known fields and unknown parameters that are optional. try { if (valueToken.length() > 0) { putWithValidation(nameToken, URLDecoder.decode(valueToken, "UTF-8")); } } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { // Unreachable. throw new RuntimeException(e); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { if (nameToken != null && !nameToken.equals(FIELD_LABEL)) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } } } // Note to the future: when you want to implement 'req-expires' have a look at commit // 410a53791841 // which had it in. } /** * Put the value against the key in the map checking for duplication. This avoids address * field overwrite etc. * * @param key The key for the map * @param value The value to store */ private void putWithValidation(String key, Object value) throws BitcoinURIParseException { if (parameterMap.containsKey(key)) { throw new BitcoinURIParseException(String.format("'%s' is duplicated, " + "" + "URI is invalid", key)); } else { parameterMap.put(key, value); } } /** * The Bitcoin Address from the URI, if one was present. It's possible to have Bitcoin URI's * with no address if a * r= payment protocol parameter is specified, though this form is not recommended as older * wallets can't understand * it. */ @Nullable public String getAddress() { return (String) parameterMap.get(FIELD_ADDRESS); } /** * @return The amount name encoded using a pure integer value based at * 10,000,000 units is 1 BTC. May be null if no amount is specified */ public long getAmount() { Object ob = parameterMap.get(FIELD_AMOUNT); if (ob == null) { return 0; } return (Long) ob; } /** * @return The label from the URI. */ public String getLabel() { return (String) parameterMap.get(FIELD_LABEL); } /** * @return The message from the URI. */ public String getMessage() { return (String) parameterMap.get(FIELD_MESSAGE); } /** * @return The URL where a payment request (as specified in BIP 70) may * be fetched. */ public String getPaymentRequestUrl() { return (String) parameterMap.get(FIELD_PAYMENT_REQUEST_URL); } /** * @param name The name of the parameter * @return The parameter value, or null if not present */ public Object getParameterByName(String name) { return parameterMap.get(name); } @Override public String toString() { StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("BitcoinURI["); boolean first = true; for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : parameterMap.entrySet()) { if (first) { first = false; } else { builder.append(","); } builder.append("'").append(entry.getKey()).append("'=").append("'").append(entry .getValue().toString()).append("'"); } builder.append("]"); return builder.toString(); } /** * Simple Bitcoin URI builder using known good fields. * * @param address The Bitcoin address * @param amount The amount in nanocoins (decimal) * @param label A label * @param message A message * @return A String containing the Bitcoin URI */ public static String convertToBitcoinURI(String address, @Nullable long amount, @Nullable String label, @Nullable String message) { checkNotNull(address); if (amount < 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Amount must be positive"); } StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); builder.append(BITCOIN_SCHEME).append(":").append(address); boolean questionMarkHasBeenOutput = false; if (amount != 0) { builder.append(QUESTION_MARK_SEPARATOR).append(FIELD_AMOUNT).append("="); builder.append(UnitUtil.formatValue(amount, UnitUtil.BitcoinUnit.BTC)); questionMarkHasBeenOutput = true; } if (label != null && !"".equals(label)) { if (questionMarkHasBeenOutput) { builder.append(AMPERSAND_SEPARATOR); } else { builder.append(QUESTION_MARK_SEPARATOR); questionMarkHasBeenOutput = true; } builder.append(FIELD_LABEL).append("=").append(encodeURLString(label)); } if (message != null && !"".equals(message)) { if (questionMarkHasBeenOutput) { builder.append(AMPERSAND_SEPARATOR); } else { builder.append(QUESTION_MARK_SEPARATOR); } builder.append(FIELD_MESSAGE).append("=").append(encodeURLString(message)); } return builder.toString(); } /** * Encode a string using URL encoding * * @param stringToEncode The string to URL encode */ static String encodeURLString(String stringToEncode) { try { return java.net.URLEncoder.encode(stringToEncode, "UTF-8").replace("+", ENCODED_SPACE_CHARACTER); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { // should not happen - UTF-8 is a valid encoding throw new RuntimeException(e); } } /** * <p>Exception to provide the following to {@link net.bither.utils.BitcoinURI}:</p> * <ul> * <li>Provision of parsing error messages</li> * </ul> * <p>This base exception acts as a general failure mode not attributable to a specific cause * (other than * that reported in the exception message). Since this is in English, * it may not be worth reporting directly * to the user other than as part of a "general failure to parse" response.</p> */ public static class BitcoinURIParseException extends Exception { public BitcoinURIParseException(String s) { super(s); } public BitcoinURIParseException(String s, Throwable throwable) { super(s, throwable); } } public static class OptionalFieldValidationException extends BitcoinURIParseException { public OptionalFieldValidationException(String s) { super(s); } public OptionalFieldValidationException(String s, Throwable throwable) { super(s, throwable); } } }